background and purpose: preoperative fast is the essential part of preoperative care for those patients who are candidates for elective surgery. fast prolongation results in side effects such as: sweating, irritability, decrease in blood sugar and restlessness. despite the noticeable changes in fasting guidelines and their application in many countries, it seems that in iran, these rules are no...

this review provides an overview of the present knowledge on the aspects of preoperative fasting with the assessment of the evidence quality. a systematic research was conducted in electronic databases in order to identify trials published between 1990 and 2014 concerning preoperative fasting, early resumption of oral intake and the effects of oral carbohydrate mixtures on gastric emptying and ...

Background: Although surgery are now used as one of the treatment methods and save the patients from death that have some complications. The patients may be considered anxiety from the surgery as a threat of the natural process of the life. The aim of this study was assessment of the Impact of preoperative nursing care on hemodynamic signs and cortisol level in women undergoing elective surgeri...

In this paper our focus is to study certain covering properties in topological spaces by using semi-open covers. A part of this article deals with Rothberger-type covering properties. The notions of s-Rothberger, almost s-Rothberger, star s-Rothberger, almost star s-Rothberger, strongly star s-Rothberger spaces are defined and corresponding properties are investigated.

BACKGROUND The cancellation of planned surgeries causes prolonged wait times, harm to patients, and is a waste of scarce resources. To reduce high cancellation rates in a Norwegian general hospital, the pathway for elective surgery was redesigned. The changes included earlier clinical assessment of patients, better planning and documentation systems, and increased involvement of patients in the...