Disposal of tannery effluent will result in heavy metal contamination of land and will lead to many important health and environmental hazards. Aim of the work is to determine the effects of untreated tannery effluent and treated tannery effluent on seed germination and to biodegrade the effluent using fungi. Chemical methods of remove the heavy metals in tannery effluent will have metal bearin...

Coastal sandy soil is characterised by low fertility and poor physical properties. Distillery effluent, a liquid waste from the distillery industry contains large quantities of soluble organic matter and plant nutrients. It does not contain any toxic elements / compounds. In order to improve the physical properties and fertility of the coastal soil by utilising the distillery effluent, field ex...

We have examined the effect of complete cell recycle on the production of cholera toxin (CT) by Vibrio cholerae and CT-like toxin by Vibrio mimicus in continuous culture fermentations. Complete cell recycle was obtained by filtering culture fluids through Amicon hollow fibers with an exclusion limit of 100,000 daltons (H1P100-20) and returning the concentrated cell slurry to the fermentor. A si...

In this study, carbon-silica based acid catalysts derived from rice husks (RH) were successfully synthesised using microwave (MW) technology. The results showed that MW sulphonation produced Sulphur (S) content of 17.2–18.5 times higher than in raw RH. Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) peak at 1035 cm?1 which corresponded to O?S?O stretching sulphonic (-SO3H) group. XRD sulfonated ...

Bowman et al. provide a novel explanation for why activated G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) migrate from the cell surface to the endosomes (1). The study indicates that GPCRs that have moved to certain locations on endosomes activate specifi c genes—and thus presumably induce different cellular responses. GPCRs help us perceive our surroundings, control our blood pressure, mobilize our immu...

The correlation between a random sequence and its transformed sequences is studied. In the case of a permutation operation or, in other word, the shuffling operation, it is shown that the correlation can be so small that the sequences can be regarded as independent random sequences. The applications to the Monte Carlo simulations are also given. This method is especially useful in the Ising Mon...