Darwin-Foldy nuclear-size corrections in electronic atoms and nuclear radii are discussed from the nuclear-physics perspective. Interpretation of precise isotope-shift measurements is formalism dependent, and care must be exercised in interpreting these results and those obtained from relativistic electron scattering from nuclei. We strongly advocate that the entire nuclear-charge operator be u...

A regular charge-monopole theory is derived from simple and self-evident postulates. It is shown that this theory provides explanations for effects of strong and nuclear interactions. The theory is compared with Dirac’s monopole theory. Applications to strong and nuclear interactions are compared with quantum chromodynamics. The results favor the regular charge-monopole theory and indicate diff...

I will review recent progress in our understanding of the nuclear force. In the course of the 1990’s, so-called high-precision, charge-dependent nucleon-nucleon potentials have been constructed which are, essentially, phenomenological models. These potentials are now commonly used as input for exact few-body calculations and microscopic nuclear many-body theory. I will critically analyses those...

It is shown that at low densities, quantum dots with few electrons may be mapped onto effective charge-spin models for the low-energy eigenstates. This is justified by defining a lattice model based on a many-electron pocketstate basis in which electrons are localised near their classical ground-state positions. The equivalence to a single-band Hubbard model is then established leading to a cha...

Because micro-ions accumulate around highly charged colloidal particles in electrolyte solutions, the relevant parameter to compute their interactions is not the bare charge, but an effective ~or renormalized! quantity, whose value is sensitive to the geometry of the colloid, the temperature or the presence of added-salt. This nonlinear screening effect is a central feature in the field of coll...

A. C. Aguilar,a D. Binosib and J. Papavassiliou∗a aDepartamento de Física Teórica and IFIC, Centro Mixto, Universidad de Valencia–CSIC E-46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain b European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (ECT*), Villa Tambosi, Strada delle Tabarelle 286, I-38050 Villazzano (TN), Italy. E-mail: Arlene.Aguilar@uv.es,binosi@ect.it, Joannis.Papavassilio...

We calculate the contribution to the nuclear energy density functional which arises from iterated pion-photon exchange between nucleons. In heavy nuclei, this novel charge symmetry breaking interaction leads to an additional binding of each proton by about 0.2 MeV. Compared to that the analogous effect from irreducible pion-photon exchange is negligibly small. As a possible mechanism to resolve...

In this paper, we analyze the behavior of hydrophobic polyelectrolytes. It has been proposed that this system adopts a pearl necklace structure reminiscent of the Rayleigh instability of a charged droplet. Using a Poisson-Boltzmann approach, we calculate the counterion distribution around a given pearl, assuming the latter to be penetrable for the counterions. This allows us to calculate the ef...

The Higgs-boson lineshape is studied within the pinch technique resummation formalism. It is shown that any resonant Higgs-boson amplitude contains a universal part which is gauge independent, renormalization-group invariant, satisfies the optical and equivalence theorems, and constitutes the natural extension of the QED effective charge to the case of the Higgs scalar. PACS numbers: 11.10.Gh, ...

NMR measurements of the O nuclear quadrupole interactions nQ show that the charge environment of the S51/2 Cu2O3 two-leg spin-ladder layer of hole-doped A14Cu24O41 changes dramatically above a certain temperature T*. This temperature T* decreases with additional doping and is correlated with the magnetic crossover from the spin gap regime to the paramagnetic regime. We demonstrate that these ch...