The great therapeutic potential of human embryonic stem (ES) cells (see Box) and the thorny ethical issues surrounding their use have prompted many governments to revisit existing regulations on embryo research (see Table on next page). Just in recent weeks, the Canadian government proposed regulatory guidelines that would allow the derivation and use of ES cells from human embryos but, unlike ...

Chile’s health-care sector was opened up to the forces of the market by a new law in 1981 that allowed private insurance companies, called Isapres, (Instituciones de Salud Previsional) to compete for business. Prior to that, all Chileans were obliged to pay 4% of their income into the state-run Fondo Nacional de Salud (FONASA). The new law gave people, who could pay more, a greater choice and a...

This brief paper addresses some of the difficulties inherent in international ideological approaches to solving the complex problems of health care financing and delivery in poor countries using Ghana as an example. It concludes with an appeal for problem solving approaches involving informed debate as to optimal ways forward to solve low income country health financing woes that are open minde...

WITH THE MANUFACTURING CAPACITY of thousands of wafers per week, and thousands of dies per wafer, today's silicon comes out of fab really fast—and furious—sporting device I/Os in the gigabit-per-second range. But it is increasingly going into high-volume and low-cost consumer electronic parts, exhausting the available time and money to test these parts. Little wonder that the 2003 International...

Pakistan has a history of opposition alliances. Purpose this article is to evaluate the role Democratic Movement in Pakistan. Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehmanis president and Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam. On September 20, 2020, PDM was established. The coalition formed from 11 political parties. Slogan respect sanctity vote. In 2022, government under leadership leader Shehbaz Sharif after successfully ousting K...