Lower social class is associated with diminished resources and perceived subordinate rank. On the basis of this analysis, the authors predicted that social class would be closely associated with a reduced sense of personal control and that this association would explain why lower class individuals favor contextual over dispositional explanations of social events. Across 4 studies, lower social ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the socio-economic status (SES) of elderly eastern Mediterranean islanders is associated with their dietary habits, particularly with adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the MedDietScore (range: 0-55), whereas SES was estimated using education and financial statu...

BACKGROUND The aim of this article was to examine, whether middle-aged and older adults spontaneously engage in proactive coping to prevent future problems associated with ageing and whether differences in proactive coping were associated with socio-economic status (SES). METHODS As part of the cross-sectional Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice (DNSGP-2, 2001), a representative ...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to test the moderating influence of two risk factors, maternal depression and socio-economic status (SES), on the association between authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and child obesity. DESIGN Correlational, cross-sectional study. Parenting style was measured with the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Maternal depression ...

SETTING Tuberculosis (TB) infected adults attending out-patient TB clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of anemia with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, indicators of socio-economic status (SES) and anthropometric status in TB-infected adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional data collection during screening for a clinical trial. RESULTS Overall, 7...

BACKGROUND Obesity rates have continued to increase over time globally, resulting in an increase in the burden of obesity-associated chronic diseases. There is a paucity of research on the association between obesity and generational changes in socio-economic status (SES) in developing countries like Ghana, and therefore a critical need to better understand within-country differences in obesity...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The commonly used available scales for measurement of socio-economic status (SES) with some cross regional applicability are old and have lost their relevance. There is a need for the development of a valid and reliable instrument for measurement of SES in rural and urban communities in India. The present study was undertaken to develop a cross regionally applicable scal...

INTRODUCTION Changing socio-economic gradients in adult health over time have been documented, but little research has investigated temporal changes in child health gradients. Childhood hospitalizations for injury have fallen over the last two decades; whether the socio-economic gradient in childhood injury has changed is unknown. METHODS Population-based hospital discharge data were used to ...

OBJECTIVE A child's opportunity for physical activity and the safety of engaging in activity are influenced by built environment (BE) elements. This study examined the relationship of neighbourhood type and socio-economic status (SES) with activity using a sampling frame that purposely located schools in varying neighbourhoods to ensure that there was variability in BE characteristics and SES. ...

Female Breadwinner Families: Their Existence, Persistence and Sources We develop a typology for understanding couple households where the female is the major earner – what we term female breadwinner households – and test it using data from the first two waves of the HILDA Survey. We distinguish temporary from persistent female breadwinner households and hypothesise, and confirm, that these two ...