Food losses refer to edible food mass decrease throughout the human food chain. Food losses occurring at consumption stage are called food waste. Food Losses and Waste (FLW) represent one of the most critical social, economic and ecological challenges facing humanity, besides being also an ethical issue. FAO data show that roughly one-third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wast...

This chapter proposes an integrated direct and indirect flood risk model for small and large-scale flood events, allowing for dynamic modelling of total economic losses from a flood event to a full economic recovery. A novel approach is taken which translates direct losses of both capital and labour into production losses using the Cobb-Douglas production function, aiming at improved consistenc...

In this paper we developed and tested an integrated methodology for assessing direct and indirect economic impacts of flooding. The methodology combines a spatial analysis of damage to physical stocks with a general economic equilibrium approach using a regionally-calibrated (to Italy) version of a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) global model. We applied the model to the 2000 Po river floo...

Respiratory diseases of swine cause major economic losses. In many cases, respiratory disease losses are not recognized because death losses are low and reduced feed efficiencies are the primary effect. The major infectious organisms currently associated with swine pneumonias are Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Hemophilus pleuropneumoniae, Hemophilus ...

This article explores the effects of the current economic crisis from the perspective of who wins and who loses among employees and executives. While both executives and employees have suffered financially from this recession, employee losses are disproportionately more profound and are likely to have more lasting impact than losses experienced by executives. In a number of instances, executive...

The value of animal health surveillance and monitoring services equals the expected losses they prevent. Even though catastrophic losses can be caused by a number of exotic animal diseases, in this study the losses arise exclusively from an assumed FMD outbreak that starts in the South Valley and, eventually, involves the entire San Joaquin and Chino Valleys. Hence, the estimated value should b...

Hurricanes Katrina and Rita caused severe economic disruptions without warning in Louisiana and surrounding areas. These natural disasters temporarily created production losses in the oil-industry and lead to further economic losses via inter-industry linkages. Because oil is a key resource in the national economy, estimation of the economic impacts of these disasters can be accomplished with a...

Many countries have implemented strategies to control and eradicate epidemic diseases. These strategies are usually based on either stamping-out or routine vaccination, sometimes complemented by emergency vaccination. The authors describe these strategies, using examples to illustrate each one. The economic evaluation of control and eradication of epidemic diseases is a complex matter. The auth...

The cattle market has set year-over-year record high prices since 2009. The increasing value of cattle has substantially increased the financial risk of feeding cattle, and has commensurately increased the economic losses from disease. As cattle feeding profitability continues to be challenged by the low margin between selling prices and operating costs, all facets of cattle feeding are being e...