Pancreatic cancer (PanC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and resistance towards gemcitabine, the front-line chemotherapy, is the main cause for dismal rate of survival in PanC patients; overcoming this resistance remains a major challenge to treat this deadly malignancy. Whereas several molecular mechanisms are known for gemcitabine resistance in PanC cells, altered metabolism and bioen...

Subject codes: [95] Endothelium/vascular type [129] Angiogenesis [140] Energy metabolism [145] Genetically altered mice ABSTRACT Rationale: The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a well-known initiator of cell death that is increasingly recognized as a physiological modulator of cellular metabolism. Objective: We sought to identify how the genetic deletion of a key regulatory ...

Background Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a well-studied oncogenic factor that promotes cell proliferation and energy metabolism and is overexpressed in numerous cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer, and drugs targeting its regulators, including IGF-1R, are being developed. However, the mechanisms of IGF-1R inhibition an...

Denervation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy results from the loss of electric stimulation and leads to protein degradation, which is critically regulated by the well-confirmed transcriptional co-activator peroxisome proliferator co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α). No adequate treatments of muscle wasting are available. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring antioxidant component with...

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer has a five-year survival rate of ~8%, with characteristic molecular heterogeneity and restricted treatment options. Targeting metabolism has emerged as a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for cancers such as pancreatic cancer, which are driven by genetic alterations that are not tractable drug targets. Although somatic mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) mutations...

Fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient kidney cancer undergoes metabolic remodeling, with changes in mitochondrial respiration, glucose, and glutamine metabolism. These changes represent multiple biochemical adaptations in glucose and fatty acid metabolism that supports malignant proliferation. However, the metabolic linkages between altered mitochondrial function, nucleotide biosynthesis and NADPH ...

BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is shaped to support specific cell functions since cellular metabolism controls the final outcome of immune response. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease resulting from loss of immune tolerance against central nervous system (CNS) myelin. Metabolic alterations of T cells occurring during MS are not yet well understood and their studies could have ...

To better understand the role of irisin in humans, we examined the effects of irisin in human primary adipocytes and fresh human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). Human primary adipocytes derived from 28 female donors' fresh scWAT were used to examine the effects of irisin on browning and mitochondrial respiration, and preadipocytes were used to examine the effects of irisin on adipoge...

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) poses a risk to patients with cardiac implantable devices (CIEDs) and can result in device malfunction including pacing inhibition or inappropriate shock therapy. Such EMI sources are ubiquitous the modern world. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) represent such potential source. We have previously investigated of driving eCars found that largest electromagnetic...

The field of oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) therapy has undergone much growth inrecent years as improvements in vector design have resulted in augmented selectivity andmore potent anti-cancer effects. Before planning a clinical trial, the newly developedOAd must be tested in pre-clinical animal models to access efficacy and toxicity.Currently existing animal models provide very ...