‎Let $X$‎, ‎$Y$ and $Z$ be Banach spaces and $f:Xtimes Y‎ ‎longrightarrow Z$ a bounded bilinear map‎. ‎In this paper we‎ ‎study the relation between Arens regularity of $f$ and the‎ ‎reflexivity of $Y$‎. ‎We also give some conditions under which the‎ ‎Arens regularity of a Banach algebra $A$ implies the Arens‎ ‎regularity of certain Banach right module action of $A$‎ .

and similarly for the right topological centre Z(r)(A′′). The algebra A is said to be Arens regular if Z(`)(A′′) = Z(r)(A′′) = A′′ and strongly Arens irregular if Z(`)(A′′) = Z(r)(A′′) = A. For example, every C∗-algebra is Arens regular [2]. There has been a great deal of study of these two algebras, especially in the case where A is the group algebra L(G) for a locally compact group G. Results...

‎let $pa$ be a commutative banach algebra and $ex$ be a left banach $pa$-module‎. ‎we study the set‎ ‎$dec_{pa}(ex)$ of all elements in $pa$ which induce a decomposable multiplication operator on $ex$‎. ‎in the case $ex=pa$‎, ‎$dec_{pa}(pa)$ is the well-known apostol algebra of $pa$‎. ‎we show that $dec_{pa}(ex)$ is intimately related with the largest spectrally separable subalgebra of $pa$ and...

A Heyting algebra is a distributive lattice with implication and a dual $BCK$-algebra is an algebraic system having as models logical systems equipped with implication. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relation of Heyting algebras between dual $BCK$-algebras. We define notions of $i$-invariant and $m$-invariant on dual $BCK$-semilattices and prove that a Heyting semilattice is equiva...

we shall prove an existence inequality for two maps on banach algebra, withan example and in sequel we have some results on r and rn spaces. this waycan be applied for generalization of some subjects of mathematics in teachingwhich how we can extend a math problem to higher level.