The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is involved in the development of cancer in various functions. Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome has been revealed to be a powerful therapeutic method for carcinoma. Ubiquitin associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) is believed to be involved in the ubiquitin‑proteasome pathway; however, the role of UBAP2L in human prostate cancer is still unknown. In the p...

The human prostate contains two types of stromal cells, peripheral stromal cells (PSCs) and transitional stromal cells (TSCs). Here, we demonstrate the effects of PSCs and TSCs on tumorigenesis in prostate cancer (PCa) and identify the mechanisms underlying these effects. Using microarray analysis, we identified 3,643 differentially expressed genes in cocultures of TSCs, PSCs, and DU145 cells, ...

BACKGROUND Hormone-refractory prostate cancer remains hindered by inevitable progression of resistance to first-line treatment with docetaxel. Recent studies suggest that phenotypic changes associated with cancer may be transferred from cell-to-cell via microvesicles/exosomes. Here we aimed to investigate phenotypic changes associated with docetaxel-resistance in order to help determine the com...

many cell lines, when cultured under proper conditions, can form three dimensionalstructures called multicellular spheroids. these spheroids resemble in vivo tumor models in severalaspects. therefore, studying growth characteristics and behavior of spheroids is beneficial inunderstanding the behavior of tumors under various experimental conditions. in this work, we havestudied the growth proper...

BACKGROUND Given the importance of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to cancer patients, there is an increasing need to learn more about possible interactions between CAM and anticancer drugs. Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) belongs to the medicinal herbs that are used as supportive care during chemotherapy. In the in vitro study presented here the effect of standardized mistletoe prepar...

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) were identified originally as key components of cytokine signaling pathways. More recently, constitutive activation of STAT proteins has been detected in a wide variety of human tumor specimens and tumor cell lines. Here, we examined the activation of one STAT family member, Stat3, in human prostate cancer cell lines and primary prostat...

Extracts from the seeds of milk thistle, Silybum marianum, are known commonly as silibinin and silymarin and possess anticancer actions on human prostate carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Seven distinct flavonolignan compounds and a flavonoid have been isolated from commercial silymarin extracts. Most notably, two pairs of diastereomers, silybin A and silybin B and isosilybin A and isosilybin B, ...

cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells. because of the severe side effects and resistance to the traditional chemotherapeutic agents, the necessity for discovery of new anticancer drugs is a crucial topic. in the present study we synthesized new derivatives of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)- n -halophenylacetamide and assessed their cytotoxicity against ...

The proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, has been demonstrated to sensitize tumor cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis. Natural killer (NK) cells represent potent antitumor effector cells. They also express TRAIL. Therefore, we investigated whether bortezomib could sensitize tumor cells to NK cell-mediated killing, and have the same effect in ...

We recently reported that gallic acid is a major active agent responsible for grape seed extract activity in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells. The present study was conducted to examine its efficacy and associated mechanism. Gallic acid treatment of DU145 cells resulted in a strong cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptotic death in a dose- and time-dependent manner, together ...