Background Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the greatest social health problems in many communities in the twenty-first century. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) could decrease HIV infection among injection drug users (IDU). The main aim of this paper was to determine the cost-effectiveness of the governmental MMT program to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in...

Last month, the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended that all health care professionals be offered first doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Addiction treatment providers are essential staff, they work with individuals at high risk contracting disease, a report from CDC National Institute on Drug Abuse published in Journal American Medical Association last fall found.

abstract        background and objective: this study was conducted to evaluate epidemiology of risk factors for hepatitis c virus (hcv) transmission, and determine the association of its genotypes with viral load and response to treatment in patients referred to the infectious disease clinic of khorramabad.         methods: the study included patients infected with hepatitis c referred to the i...

results results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of depression and temping beliefs (p < 0.0001). in other words, the results showed that cognitive-behavior therapy reduces depression and improves craving beliefs of abusers under methadone maintenance treatment. objectives this study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of co...

Residential treatment centers (RTCs) usually house youths with significant psychiatric, psychological, behavioral, or substance abuse problems who have been unsuccessful in outpatient treatment or have proved too ill or unruly to be housed in foster care, day treatment programs, and other nonsecure environments but who do not yet merit commitment to a psychiatric hospital or secure correctional...

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody which targets CD20 in B cells that is used for the treatment of CD20 positive oncologic and hematologic malignancies. Rituximab causes hypersensitivity reactions during infusions. The delay of treatment or loss of a highly efficient drug can be prevented by rapid drug desensitization method in patients who are allergic to rituximab. We report a low grade B cel...