The mixing behavior of the gas-liquid phase in three loop bioreactors was investigated. A gas-induced External Airlift Loop Bioreactor (EALB), a forced-liquid Vertical Tubular Loop Bioreactor (VTLB) and a forced-liquid Horizontal Tubular Loop Bioreactor (HTLB) were used for mixing studies as well as biomass production from natural gas. The effect of design parameters, riser to downcomer cro...

The spectacular growth in computer hardware over the last quarter century and the accompanying advances in software development have resulted in the availability of reliable numerical tools for addressing safety issues in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). The first step forward was undertaken in the 1970s with the development of system codes using the two-fluid model approach [1], such as RELAP-5 [2...

The mass-transfer trays HighspeedTray, HighFlexiTray and SieveTray belong to a new generation of mass transfer trays that enable increase the capacity-efficiency profile and the flexibility of tray columns significantly. This increase is achieved by a special vapor and liquid distribution and contact systems installed on these trays and a combination of two different tray designs. These trays c...

The present study is in two parts, the first part describes an investigation that was undertaken to determine the feasibility and hydrodynamic behaviour of a cold model circulating fluidized bed system proposed for the continuous combustion-gasification of biomass. The design is based on the principle that the char produced in the gasifier is circulated with the bed material and combusted in a ...

In the past several years the cyclic nature of Heat Recovery Steam Generators, HRSG’s, has increased dramatically. There are many methods for evaluating cyclic service. Several methods for evaluating cycle life are compared for their use on HRSG’s. A discussion of strengths and weaknesses of each method is presented. INTRODUCTION ASME Section I [1] and Section VIII, Division 1 [2], do not provi...