The ability of the endospore-forming, gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis to survive in activated macrophages is key to its germination and survival. In a previous publication, we discovered that exposure of primary murine macrophages to B. anthracis endospores upregulated NOS 2 concomitant with an .NO-dependent bactericidal response. Since NOS 2 also generates O(2).(-), experiments were...

The Bacillus cereus spore surface layers consist of a coat surrounded by an exosporium. We investigated the interplay between the sporulation temperature and the CotE morphogenetic protein in the assembly of the surface layers of B. cereus ATCC 14579 spores and on the resulting spore properties. The cotE deletion affects the coat and exosporium composition of the spores formed both at the subop...

Mamalia laut memainkan peran ekologis penting di lautan, dan menjadi prioritas global karena kepekaan terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Lumba-lumba hidung botol (Tursiops aduncus) merupakan salah satu mamalia yang tersebar luas Indonesia. Informasi mengenai mikrobioma masih sangat sedikit diketahui, terutama informasi fungi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kelimpahan fungi kelas Do...

Best linear unbiased predictions (BLUP) using information from all known relatives; selection index using phenotype, full-sib average and half-sib average; and phenotypie deviation from contemporary group average were compared as methods of predicting breeding values for days to 100 kg and backfat. Swine records (n = 203,869) from five Hampshire, one Duroc and six Yorkshire herds were obtained ...

Differential sensitivities to the cell wall stress caused by Congo red (CR) have been observed in many fungal species. In this study, tolerances and CR was studied with an assorted collection of species from three phylogenetic classes: Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, orders, eight families. These grouped into different ecological niches, such as insect pathogens, plant saprotr...