introduction: average glandular dose calculation in mammography with mo-rh target-filter and dose calculation for different situations is accurate and fast. material and methods: in this research, first of all, x-ray spectra of a mo target bombarded by a 28 kev electron beam with and without a rh filter were calculated using the mcnp code. then, we used the sobol-wu parameters to write a fortra...

BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study is to compare finite size pencil beam (fsPB) and Monte Carlo (MC) based optimization of lung intensity-modulated stereotactic radiotherapy (lung IMSRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A fsPB and a MC algorithm as implemented in a biological IMRT planning system were validated by film measurements in a static lung phantom. Then, they were applied for static l...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults it is important to recognize that individual patients respond to a wide range of methylphenidate doses. Studies with methylphenidate modified release long acting (MPH-LA) in children have reported the need for treatment optimization for improved outcomes. We report the results from a post ho...

In the three therapy beam times 2007 about 50 patients were planned and treated with our treatment planning software, TRiP98, and its development version, TRiP98BEAM. In the past, the standard method was to optimize the biological target dose distribution for the contributing partial fields singly. Due to the enormous effort for the computation of biological effects, only a simple, but still su...

background: the shielding methods in radiotherapy due to delivering an accurate radiation dose to cancer tissues and avoiding unnecessary dose to normal tissues are very important. these methods include lead standard blocks, individual molding and multi leaf collimator (mlc). the mlc method is not still common in iran radiotherapy centers. individual molding is better than the lead block shield...

Most drugs are currently developed, approved and marketed based on their effect the majority of population [...]