the following null hypothesis was proposed: h : there is no significant difference between the use of semantically or communicatively translates scientific texts. to test the null hypothesis, a number of procedures were taken first, two passages were selected form soyrcebooks of food and nutrition industry and gardening deciplines. each, in turn, was following by a number of comprehension quest...

Antioxidant enzymes play an important role in plant defense against pathogenic agents. Following the identification of the pathogen, plants produce active oxygen species (ROS) as one of their first defense responses. To maintain the balance of ROS levels and prevent their harmful effects, plants produce antioxidant peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dism...

Barley is one of the most important cereals in animal nutrition and it has a role as a substitute source of wheat and rice in diet nutrition. This product is always exposed to damaging factors such as pests and diseases which lead to reduce yield and quality. The Powdery mildew agent, as a biotrophic fungus, seriously causes damage in some barley plantation areas. Similar to other plants, barle...

To investigate some common herbicides of transplanted rice for direct wet-seeding of Hashemi cultivar, this study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were as follow: (i) recommended dose of pretilachlor, (ii) oxadiargyl + bensulfuron-methyl, (iii-vi) adding propanil or thiobencarb to treatment (i) and (ii), (vii-x) adding cinosulfuron to treat...

Mohammadi R, Keshavarzi M, Hassanzadeh N, Dejampour J, Farhadnejad A (2021) Relative resistance levels to bacterial canker in Iranian apricot hybrids. Plant Pathology Science 10(2):15-29.           Doi: 10.2982/PPS.10.2.15.   Introduction: Bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae is one of the most damaging diseases in apricots. This experiment was conducted to evaluate relative resist...

     Bread wheat is one of the most important food crops which has main position in nutrition of the world's population.  The production of this crop were always been faced to a variety of challenges. Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic pathogen Blumeria graminis f.sp tritici (Bgt), known as a destructive disease of wheat worldwide.  There are several methods to control the disease, but us...