Physical science, it appears, leaves no place for divine action. Modern science presupposes that the universe is a closed physical system, that interactions are regular and lawlike, that all causal histories can be traced, and that anomalies will ultimately have physical explanations. But traditional assertions of God acting in the world conflict with all four of these conditions: they presuppo...

Love and its transformative power have long been at the center of Islamic Sufism. For Sufi writers profane love, perceived as the love of worldly beloved, was the first step on the path toward the union with the divine. Farid al-Din ‘Attar (1145-1221) was one of the most significant authors to espouse and articulate profane love as a representation of both earthly and heavenly love. 'Attar’s us...

In his recent version of the logical problem evil, James Sterba articulates several moral principles that, on assumption that God is morally perfect, seem to entail God’s non-existence. Such principles, however, only apply he a agent. I first argue against this by appealing work Mark Murphy before, secondly, suggesting an alternative way frame Sterba’s argument in terms divine love. One can dis...

While there is wide agreement on the importance of love to Christian ethics, just what an ethics of love includes and entails differs depending upon how Christian love is understood. Toward clarifying the relationship between love and Christian ethics, this essay briefly engages the highly influential agapist conception of love and questions its sufficiency as the basis of Christian ethics. Con...

aesthetics, nowadays, is regarded as a branch of philosophy which studies  beauty and art. this research is about aesthetics from mulla sadra's viewpoint. in the works of this philosopher, beauty in general means  possessing all the good properties. the special definition of beauty, which includes only sensible objects, is possessing the factors of order, good combination, moderation, and ...