when a change occurs in a process, one expects to receive a signal from a control chart as quickly as possible. upon the receipt of signal from the control chart a search for identifying the source of disturbance begins. however, searching for assignable cause around the signal time, due to the fact that the disturbance may have manifested itself into the rocess sometimes back, may not always l...

background: sleep is necessary in life and approximately 1/3 of human life is devoted to sleep. one of the most common problems in menopausal women is sleep disturbance. the aim of this study was to determine frequency of sleep disorders and its related factors in 50 – 60 years old women methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 200 eligible women who referred to selected h...

The management of children with craniosynostosis is multidisciplinary and has evolved significantly over the past five decades. The treatment is primarily surgical. The anesthetic challenges continue to be the management of massive blood transfusion and prolonged anesthesia in small children, often further complicated by syndrome-specific issues. This two-part review aims to provide an overview...

Twelve subjects have been studied in whom oesophago-jejunostomy had been performed leaving the stomach in situ. All had considerable metabolic disturbance with steatorrhoea and inability to absorb vitamin B(12), and the operation has been abandoned in favour of oesophagojejuno-gastrostomy.

BACKGROUND This paper discusses the results of ethno-ornithological research conducted on the local ecological knowledge (LEK) of artisanal fishers in northeast Brazil between August 2013 and October 2014. METHODS The present study analyzed the LEK of 240 artisanal fishermen in relation to Nearctic shorebirds and the factors that may be affecting their populations. We examined whether differe...

Complex regional pain syndrome is characterised by an exaggerated response to injury in a limb with intense prolonged pain, vasomotor disturbance, delayed functional recovery and trophic changes. This review describes the current knowledge of the condition and outlines the methods of treatment available with particular emphasis on the knee.