over the two last decades, distribution companies have been aware of the importance of paying attention to the all aspects of a distribution system simultaneously to be successful in the global market. these aspects are the economic, the environmental, the social and the safety aspects. in the vehicle routing problem (vrp) literature, the economic issue has often been used, while the environmen...

in this study, a bi-objective model for integrated planning of production-distribution in a multi-level supply chain network with multiple product types and multi time periods is presented. the supply chain network including manufacturers, distribution centers, retailers and final customers is proposed. the proposed model minimizes the total supply chain costs and transforming time of products ...

One of the main problems in credit risk management is the correlated default. In large portfolios, computing the default dependencies among issuers is an essential part in quantifying the portfolio's credit. The most important problems related to credit risk management are understanding the complex dependence structure of the associated variables and lacking the data. This paper aims at introdu...

introduction: information management system is a formal approach to collect the necessary information in its due time for managers to facilitate decision-making, planning and management. medical records system which is closely associated with pieces of information and their true value can play an important role in health care organizations. the main objective of this study is to compare informa...