Frame imperfection, non-response and unequal selection probabilities always affect survey results. In order to compensate for the effects of these problems, Devill and Särndal (1992) introduced a family of estimators called calibration estimators. In these estimators we look for weights that have minimum distance with design weights based on a distance function and satisfy calibration equa...

It is doubtless that intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) theory plays an increasingly important role in solving the problems under uncertain situation. As one of the most critical members in the theory, distance measure is widely used in many aspects. Nevertheless, it is a pity that part of the existing distance measures has some drawbacks in practical significance and accuracy. To make up for their...

By identifying the effect of any parameter such as distance, attenuation and scattering on the Line Spread Function (LSF), one can compensate the quantitative and qualitative destructive effect of such parameters by deconvolution method. Using a 99mTC line source, this study was performed on a single head ADAC SPECT system operating in planar mode. Variation of FWTM and FWHM and LSFs as a...

purpose : to evaluate distance and near contrast sensitivity (cs) under photopic and mesopic conditions before and after refractive lens exchange (rle) and implantation of the aspheric acrysof restor (sn6ad3 model) intraocular lens (iol) methods : sixty eyes of 30 consecutive patients after rle underwent bilateral implantation with the aspheric acrysof restor iol. the patients sample was divide...

In standard property testing, the task is to distinguish between objects that have a property P and those that are ε-far from P , for some ε > 0. In this setting, it is perfectly acceptable for the tester to provide a negative answer for every input object that does not satisfy P . This implies that property testing in and of itself cannot be expected to yield any information whatsoever about t...

Many cognitive theories of judgement and decision making assume that choice options are evaluated relative to other available options. The extent to which the preference for one option is influenced by other available options will often depend on how similar the options are to each other, where similarity is assumed to be a decreasing function of the distance between options. We examine how the...