introduction: a variety of mesial and distal projections have been suggested for separating the canals in a multi-canaled root. but there is no general agreement on the best angulation for each tooth. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the x-ray horizontal angle for separating the canals of four-canal first mandibular molars. materials and methods: forty four-canaled mandibular molars we...

results overall, ≥ 2 mm shortening of the radius was seen in 28% of the patients, 53% had 2 - 5 mm radial shortening and 19% of the patients had more than 5 mm shortening of the radius. most of the participants had acceptable outcomes. the mean angulation was 6.28 ± 2.85 degrees and the mean shortening was 3.92 ± 2.22. thirty-nine percent of the patients had an angulation of less than 5 mm, 56%...

objective: to evaluate and report the functional results of surgical management of intercondylar fractures of the humerus in adults using a novel dual plating technique. methods: a total number of 60 patients with riseborough and radin type ii, iii, and iv intercondylar humerus fractures were operated with open reduction through a trans-olecranon approach and internal fixation using two plates ...

wound complications following ankle fracture surgery are a major concern. through the use of minimally invasive surgical techniques some of these complications can be mitigated. recent investigations have reported on percutaneous fixation of distal fibula fractures demonstrating similar radiographic and functional outcomes to traditional open approaches. the purpose of this manuscript is to des...

several tables have been given due to a − minimal sets. our main aim in this paper is tocomplete these tables by employing several examples.

background: although giant cell tumor (gct) is considered to be a primary benign bone tumor, its aggressive behavior makes its diagnosis and treatment, difficult and challenging. this is especially true in distal radius where gct appears to be more aggressive and difficult to control locally. we report our clinical outcome of en-block resection and reconstruction with non-vascularized fibular a...

background: intra-articular t- type or y- type fractures of the distal end of the humerus are relatively rare, and consequently few surgeons will be able to attain extensive experience with the surgical treatment of these injuries. the current emphasis is on operative intervention with rigid internal fixation and early mobilization. methods: in this prospective and retrospective study, we revie...