One of the business fields in field secondary/tertiary needs that is growing quite rapidly Indonesia and city Karawang, to be precise, cosmetics. cosmetic are experiencing improvement skincare. marketing techniques companies use attract consumers Electronic Word Of Mouth or eWOM. In addition, factor price discounts can also greatly influence purchase decision a product by potential customers co...

Genes are assumed to generate choice behavior in an environment where there are intertemporal tradeoffs. A gene survives the evolutionary process if it is not possible for a rare mutant gene to grow at a faster rate. Our goal is to represent the choice behavior of the surviving genes by a preference relation. We show that if choices affect the number of offspring but not the descendants’ reprod...

A univariate real-valued function is said to be completely monotone if it takes positive values and alternate the signs of its higher order derivatives, starting from everywhere negative first derivatives. We prove that the representative consumer’s discount factor of a continuous-time economy under uncertainty is a power function of some completely monotone function of time satisfying certain ...

We study hedge fund performance evaluation under the stochastic discount factor framework of Farnsworth, Ferson, Jackson, and Todd (FFJT). To accommodate dynamic trading strategies and derivatives used by hedge funds, we extend FFJT’s approach by considering models with option and time-averaged risk factors and incorporating option returns in model estimation. A wide range of models yield simil...

This essay argues that neuroeconomic research on financial decisions should attempt to focus on standard models that relate to the behavior being studied. It particular, it argues that a key organizing concept for such research should be the stochastic discount factor. Focusing on such models will help to focus the research as well as suggest profitable extensions of the research. The improved ...

In this paper, a discount model is proposed to coordinate pricing and ordering decisions in a two-echelon supply chain (SC). Demand is stochastic and price sensitive while lead times are fixed. Decentralized decision making where downstream decides on selling price and order size is investigated. Then, joint pricing and ordering decisions are extracted where both members act as a single entity ...

We consider the symbolic controller synthesis approach to enforce safety specifications on perturbed, nonlinear control systems. In general, in each state of the system several control values might be applicable to enforce the safety requirement and in the implementation one has the burden of picking a particular control value out of possibly many. We present a class of implementation strategie...