Directional Newton methods for functions f of n variables are shown to converge, under standard assumptions, to a solution of f (x) = 0. The rate of convergence is quadratic, for near-gradient directions, and directions along components of the gradient of f with maximal modulus. These methods are applied to solving systems of equations without inversion of the Jacobian matrix.

Representation of head direction in medial entorhinal cortex shows a gradient of precision, from high directional precision dorsally to low ventrally; this parallels the gradient of spatial scale in place and grid cells, and suggests that the brain constructs spatial maps of varying resolution, perhaps to serve different requirements.

The steady advance of computational methods makes model-based optimization an increasingly attractive method for process improvement. Unfortunately, the available models are often inaccurate. The traditional remedy is to update the model parameters, but this generally leads to a difficult parameter estimation problem that must be solved on-line, and the resulting model may still poorly predict ...

many researchers adopt local binary pattern for pattern analysis. however, the long histogram created by local binary pattern is not suitable for large-scale facial database. this paper presents a simple facial pattern descriptor for facial expression recognition. local pattern is computed based on local gradient flow from one side to another side through the center pixel in a 3x3 pixels region...

If φ is an analytic function bounded by 1 on the bidisk D2 and τ ∈ ∂(D2) is a point at which φ has an angular gradient ∇φ(τ) then ∇φ(λ) → ∇φ(τ) as λ → τ nontangentially in D2. This is an analog for the bidisk of a classical theorem of Carathéodory for the disk. For φ as above, if τ ∈ ∂(D2) is such that the lim inf of (1− |φ(λ)|)/(1− ‖λ‖) as λ → τ is finite then the directional derivative D−δφ(τ...

A directional crystallization of C8-BTBT-C8 in a temperature gradient reduces film roughness and improves in-plane alignment.

This paper describes a new feature set for use in the recognition of on-line handwritten Devanagari script based on Fuzzy Directional Features. Experiments are conducted for the automatic recognition of isolated handwritten character primitives (sub-character units). Initially we describe the proposed feature set, called the Fuzzy Directional Features (FDF) and then show how these features can ...

We will outline the method of scaled gradient watersheds which we proposed recently and demonstrate it by an application to the extraction of classiication features from the nuclear texture in cervical cells.