Partridge bands have been developed and marketed on the assumption that their ribbed under-surface would ensure less interference with periosteal and cortical blood flow than other cerclage systems. Three cases are reported of serious clinical complications from loss of cortical bone under the band, and interference with the external bridging callus response.

BACKGROUND Intraoperative assessment of biliary tract anatomy is relevant for a number of benign and malignant hepatobiliary diseases. During biliary reconstruction, drainage of all relevant bile ducts is imperative to prevent atrophy of undrained segment, cholangitis and secondary biliary cirrhosis. Intraoperative cholangiography, though widely used for intraoperative imaging of the biliary tr...

A numerical model based on a hybrid finite element method is developed that seeks to join sound pressure fields in interior and exterior regions. The hybrid method is applied to the analysis of sound radiation from open pipes, or ducts, and uses mode matching to couple a finite element discretization of the region surrounding the open end of the duct to wave based modal expansions for adjoining...

Abstract Cross-sectional imaging modalities including ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and computed tomography (CT) play a critical role in the diagnosis of diseases biliary tract gallbladder. Biliary for evaluation obstructive jaundice seeks to diagnose level obstruction its cause. The identification dilated bile ducts necessitates strictures or filling defects, which is best ...

Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) has become the standard of reference for imaging of the biliary ducts. The use of three-dimensional (3D) sequences has resulted in improved spatial resolution with virtually isotropic voxel and improved signal/noise ratio. In addition to MRC images, 3D fat suppressed T1-weighted MR images should be systematically obtained to search for intrahepatic calcu...

Using of nanofluids and ducts with corrugated walls are both supposed to enhance heat transfer, by increasing the heat transfer fluid conductivity and the heat transfer area respectively. Use of a diverging duct with a jet at inlet section may further increase heat transfer by creating recirculation zones inside the duct. In this work two-dimensional incompressible laminar flow of a nanofluid e...

in this work, a direct design approach for designing a surface shape (inverse design problem) has been developed, in which both the target surface pressure and the unknown nodal coordinates appear explicitly in the formulations. the final discretized form of the governing equations (unified formulation) can be used for both analysis and shape design problems. in this work, shape design problems...