Investigation of stratification in marine environments is always considered by researchers. In this study double-diffusive convection and stratification in the Bab el Mandeb strait is investigated by analyzing of field data. Measurement of seawater temperature and salinity from ARGO project (2009 to2014) and also R-V Knorr (2001) cruise with the daily average of seawater temperature and salinit...

A hybrid weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO)/centered-difference numerical method, with low numerical dissipation, high-order shock-capturing, and structured adaptive mesh refinement (SAMR), has been developed for the direct numerical simulation of the multicomponent, compressive, reactive Navier-Stokes equations. The method enables accurate resolution of diffusive processes within reac...

The law of conservation of linear momentum is applied to surface gas exchanges, employing scale analysis to diagnose the vertical velocity (w) in the boundary layer. Net upward momentum in the surface layer is forced by evaporation (E) and defines non-zero vertical motion, with a magnitude defined by the ratio of E to the air density, as w = E ρ . This is true even right down at the surface whe...

We investigate the linear stability of a double-diffusively stratified, inflectional shear flow. Double-diffusive stratification has little effect on shear instability except when the density ratio Rρ is close to unity. Double-diffusive instabilities have significant growth rates and can represent the fastest growing mode even in the presence of inflectionally unstable shear with low Richardson...

Post-metamorphic growth in the blue crab entails an increase in body mass that spans several orders of magnitude. The muscles that power burst swimming in these animals grow hypertrophically, such that small crabs have fiber diameters that are typical of most cells (<60 microm) while in adult animals the fibers are giant (>600 microm). Thus, as the animals grow, their muscle fibers cross and gr...

[1] For hillslopes undergoing ‘‘diffusive’’ soil transport, it is often assumed that the soil flux is proportional to the local land-surface gradient, where the coefficient of proportionality is like a diffusion coefficient. Inasmuch as transport involves quasirandom soil particle motions related to biomechanical mixing and similar dilational processes, a slope-dependent relation arises from a ...

We study the impact of the direction of magnetic flux on the electron motion in GaAs/InAs core/shell nanowires. At small tilt angles, when the magnetic field is aligned nearly parallel to the nanowire axis, we observe Aharonov-Bohm type h/e flux periodic magnetoconductance oscillations. These are attributed to transport via angular momentum states, formed by electron waves within the InAs shell...

We develop a formulation for the single-fluid/two-temperature equations for simulating two-species, compressible, non-equilibrium plasma flows. The divergence-free condition of the magnetic field is enforced via the characteristic decomposition of an extended nine-wave system. The source terms are modified appropriately to improve energy and momentum conservation accuracy. A spectral/hp element...

The spatiotemporal dynamics of a diffusive ratio-dependent Holling-Tanner predator-prey model with Smith growth subject to zero-flux boundary condition are investigated analytically and numerically. The asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium and the existence of Hopf bifurcation around the positive equilibrium are shown; the conditions of Turing instability are obtained. And with the ...

A mathematical model for targeted drug delivery using magnetic particles is developed. This includes a diffusive flux of particles arising from interactions between erythrocytes in the microcirculation. The model is used to track particles in a vessel network. Magnetic field design is discussed and we show that it is impossible to specifically target internal regions using an externally applied...