We have already presented a contribution for synthesizing an approach of supervisory control for Discrete Event Systems (DES) modeled by Timed Place Marked Graphs subject to Marking Exclusion Constraint. This paper is a continuation work in this area for building the control law for Discrete Event Systems (DES), where the time is taken in consideration. It solves a forbidden state problems char...

We prove convergence and quasi-optimal complexity of an adaptive finite element algorithm on triangular meshes with standard mesh refinement. Our algorithm is based on an adaptive marking strategy. In each iteration, a simple edge estimator is compared to an oscillation term and the marking of cells for refinement is done according to the dominant contribution only. In addition, we introduce an...

In recent research on aphasia, a considerable number of studies have examined deficits in patients with agrammatism in the domain of verb-finiteness marking in different languages. Whilst much of this research has focused on tense and subject-verb agreement and has shown that tense is particularly impaired, the nature of verb-finiteness deficits in agrammatism is still a matter of controversy. ...

Using a self-paced reading task, the present study investigates how highly proficient second language (L2) speakers of German with English as their native language process unambiguous wh-subject-extractions and wh-object-extractions in German. Previous monolingual research has shown that English and German exhibit different processing preferences for the type of wh-question under investigation,...

This study presents results from sentence-completion and grammaticality-judgment tasks with 7 German-speaking agrammatic aphasics and 7 age-matched control subjects examining tense and subject-verb agreement marking. For both experimental tasks, we found that the aphasics achieved high correctness scores for agreement, while tense marking was severely impaired. To account for the observed tense...

A common view of finiteness, particularly prevalent in the transformational grammar traditions, associates it with the marking of tense/aspect/mood and subject agreement on verbs. However, since nominal predicates as well as verbal predicates may be temporally located (e.g. ex-soldier, former friend, future President), there is no reason in principle why nominal predicates might not bear TAM ma...

In languages like Japanese and Okinawan, morphological evidence for agreement is scarce, which has led to the long-standing controversy as its existence. this article, I argue that while φ-agreement not morphologically realized on predicates in it nevertheless indirectly detectable form of animacy differential case-marking.

In this paper we deal with a class of non-differentiable functionals defined on a real reflexive Banach space X and depending on a real parameter of the form Eλ(u) = L(u)− (J1 ◦T )(u)−λ(J2 ◦ S)(u), where L : X → R is a sequentially weakly lower semicontinuous C functional, J1 : Y → R, J2 : Z → R (Y, Z Banach spaces) are two locally Lipschitz functionals, T : X → Y , S : X → Z are linear and com...

1. Introduction The evolutionary scenario as a model for linguistic change has become more prominent in recent years (Croft 2000, Haspelmath 1999, Kirby 1999). The principled idea behind the evolutionary scenario is quite straightforward: change operates on the basis of variation between available linguistic options and the selection of options in the course of speakers' use, such that particul...

Despite recent improvements in various computational approaches such as machine learning, natural language processing, and computational linguistics, making a computer understand unstructured, human-generated text still remains a difficult problem to solve. To alleviate the challenges, we propose an approach called “Opinion Marks,” which enables writers to mark positive and negative aspects of ...