Objective(s): Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, possesses verified anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects against diabetic nephropathy. The present investigation aims to examine empagliflozin effects on the renal levels of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), a potent inflammatory cytokine, and its respective receptor toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) in ...

Background and Objective: Cystinosis is a rare inherited disease that leads to renal failure. Fanconi syndrome is the major renal involvement in cystinosis patients. Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in cystinosis children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).  The study aimed to assess the outcome of renal transplantation in Iranian children with cystinosis. Methods: This...

Objective: Dalbegia saxatilis (D.saxatilis) is used as a decoction in traditional medicine for ailments such as cough, small pox, skin lesions, bronchial ailments and toothache. This study is aimed at evaluating the toxic effect of methanol leaf extract of D.saxatilis on renal function. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes were divided into four groups of five: control animals (grou...

introduction: during hemorrhagic shock (hs), the kidneys are one of the primary target organs involved. oxidative stress is shown to be enhanced in different models of acute kidney injury (aki). remote ischemic preconditioning (rpc) by brief limb ischemia is considered to be a safe method to protect different organs from further damage. in this study, we investigated the effects of brief hind l...

in this paper, we introduce hybrid of block-pulse functions and bernstein polynomials and derive operational matrices of integration, dual, differentiation, product and delay of these hybrid functions by a general procedure that can be used for other polynomials or orthogonal functions. then, we utilize them to solvedelay differential equations and time-delay system. the method is based upon ex...

the matrix functions appear in several applications in engineering and sciences. the computation of these functions almost involved complicated theory. thus, improving the concept theoretically seems unavoidable to obtain some new relations and algorithms for evaluating these functions. the aim of this paper is proposing some new reciprocal for the function of block anti diagonal matrices. more...

background serum creatinine as a classic marker of renal function has several limitations in the detection of renal dysfunction. objectives this study assessed the validity of serum cystatin c as a marker of renal function in critically ill patients with normal serum creatinine. patients and methods eighty adult patients referred to intensive care units with serum creatinine levels < 1.5 mg/dl ...

AIM To evaluate whether pregnant women with chronic kidney disease (CKD) adapt poorly to increases in renal blood flow. This can exacerbate renal function and impair perinatal outcome, as there is a major interplay between CKD and preeclampsia (PE). METHODS We analyzed the outcomes of 90 pregnant women with preexisting CKD. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured along wi...