This paper presents optimal placement and estimation of distributed generation (DG) capacity using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) approach in the radial distribution systems to reduce the real power losses and to gain voltage profile improvement. Furthermore, the proposed method focuses on the installation of the DGs and takes more number of significant parameters into account compare to the...

This contribution examines the descriptive and resultative de-constructions in Mandarin Chinese, e.g. Wǒ pǎo-de hěn kuài ‘I run very fast’. There is a longstanding debate about this construction. The primary point of dispute concerns the main predicate: Is the first predicate the root of the sentence, i.e. pǎo-de ‘run’, or is the second predicate the root, i.e. kuài ‘fast’? We demonstrate here ...

Different load centers where the energy is utilized are connected to the generating stations through high voltage transmission systems and a low voltage distribution systems. The losses occurring in the distribution network amount to nearly 40% of the total losses. Optimally located Distributed Generation (DG) systems offer multiple benefits in reducing the losses and supplying quality power. I...

This paper has developed a novel multiobjective function for optimal sizing and sitting ofDistributed Generation (DG) units and capacitor banks in simultaneous mode to improve reliabilityand reduce energy losses. The proposed function consists of four objectives: Cost of Energy NotSupplied (CENS), System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), costs of energy loss andinvestment. A novel st...

This paper presents a new planning approach based on voltage stability index (VSI) together with improved loss minimization (LM) formulations. The method has employed for application of distributed generation (DG) unit placement (location and size) in a loop (configured) test distribution network (LDN). Initially, VSI relationship for equivalent loop model has employed to find out potential loc...

This paper presents a new method named “Life cycle model” for optimal placement of Distributed Generators in a distribution network. The impact of DG at the distribution level is investigated with an emphasis on active power losses and allocation for minimizing the cost of losses and capacity investment costs simultaneously. An application of the proposed method for a distribution network is pr...