The present experiment examined the effects of input/output modality pairings on dual-task performance using the psychological refractory period (PRP) procedure. Four groups of participants performed two tasks composed of the same sets of inputs (visual and auditory) and the same sets of outputs (manual and vocal), but with different input/output modality pairings. Whereas modality pairings had...

To get some intuition, we begin with the group of real numbers R under addition. A trivial upper bound for the size of a sum set is |A + A| ≤ |A| 2+|A| 2 (equality is obtained when every pair of elements of A have a distinct sum). If we build A by taking elements of R at random, then we expect |A+A| to be very close to this upper bound, since the probability of a1+a2 = a3+a4 is very small (wher...

The Clifford tori in S constitue a one-parameter family of flat, two-dimensional, constant mean curvature (CMC) submanifolds. This paper demonstrates that new, topologically non-trivial CMC surfaces resembling a pair of neighbouring Clifford tori connected at a sub-lattice consisting of at least two points by small catenoidal bridges can be constructed by perturbative PDE methods. That is, one ...

The retro-cue effect (RCE) describes superior working memory performance for validly cued stimulus locations long after encoding has ended. Importantly, this happens with delays beyond the range of iconic memory. In general, the RCE is a stable phenomenon that emerges under varied stimulus configurations and timing parameters. We investigated its susceptibility to dual-task interference to dete...