A new specimen of an enigmatic hupehsuchian genus is reported. The genus was first recognized by Robert L. Carroll and Zhi-ming Dong in 1991, who refrained from naming it because of the poor quality of the only specimen known at the time. After more than two decades, we finally report a second specimen of this genus, which remained unprepared until recently. The new specimen preserves most of t...

The study of lymphatic endothelial cells and lymphangiogenesis has, in the past, been hampered by the lack of lymphatic endothelial-specific markers. The recent discovery of several such markers has permitted the isolation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from human skin. However, cell numbers are limited and purity is variable with the different isolation procedures. To overcome these pro...

To elucidate the early sequential morphogenetic progress of exencephaly and myeloschisis, rat embryos whose mothers had been treated with hypervitaminosis A were studied at 1-day interval from gestation day 10.5 to 15.5. In exposed animals sequential change was found in both exencephaly and myeloschisis as the embryos grew up. The 10.5-day old exencephalic embryos had still widely open cephalic...

Monocytic sarcoma is a neoplasm of immature monocytes involving any extramedullary site such as skin. The definite diagnosis is important for adequate therapy, which is often delayed becauseof misdiagnosis. We report a 51-Year-old diabetic woman who presented with several erythematous itchy papules and plaques on her s...

This case report describes the diagnosis and therapy of a patient with a 40-year history of multiple potato-like tumours growing in the head and neck region. The tumour proved to be a cylindroma, associated with calvarian defects. Further facial tumours were diagnosed as trichoepitheliomas. This association of findings was pathognomonic for Brooke-Spiegler's syndrome. Complete work-up of the re...

To understand the mechanisms by which 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)HETE) activates Rac1 in the induction of angiogenesis, we studied the role of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and Pix. 15(S)-HETE stimulated Rac1 in a sustained manner in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVECs). Simvastatin, a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, suppressed ...

Junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) is an adhesion molecule expressed by endothelial cells (ECs) that plays a role in tight junction formation, leukocyte adhesion, and transendothelial migration. In the current study, we investigated whether JAM-C is found in soluble form and whether soluble JAM-C (sJAM-C) mediates angiogenesis. We found that JAM-C is present in soluble form in normal serum ...

INTRODUCTION TNFα is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the effects of certolizumab pegol, a TNFα blocker, on endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. METHODS Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were stimulated with TNFα with or without certolizumab pegol. TNFα-induced adhesion molecule ex...

Introduction: TNFa is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the effects of certolizumab pegol, a TNFa blocker, on endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. Methods: Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were stimulated with TNFa with or without certolizumab pegol. TNFa-induced adhesion molecule ex...

PURPOSE Prospero homeobox 1 (Prox1) siRNA is a small interfering RNA that is designed to specifically bind Prox1 mRNA. We determined whether Prox1 siRNA inhibits lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis after acute corneal inflammation. METHODS Three Prox1 siRNAs were synthesized and investigated for their effects on Prox1 mRNA expression and tube formation in human dermal lymphatic endothelial ...