OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate endothelium-dependent vasodilation and carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for atherosclerosis. Vascular complications of diabetes are not clinically evident in diabetic children. However, preclinical atherosclerosis is more...

Katakam PV, Gordon AO, Sure VN, Rutkai I, Busija DW. Diversity of mitochondria-dependent dilator mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle of cerebral arteries from normal and insulin-resistant rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 307: H493–H503, 2014. First published June 14, 2014; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00091.2014.—Mitochondrial depolarization following ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channel ac...

Hypertension is often characterised by impaired vasodilation involving dysfunction of multiple vasodilatory mechanisms. ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) can reduce blood pressure vasodilation. In the endothelium, DHA EPA improve function including increased NO bioavailability. However, animal studies show that DHA- EPA-mediated persi...

BACKGROUND Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is abnormal in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. We postulated that abnormalities of endothelial function are also present in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and may contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular disease in these individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS Vascular reactivity was measured in the forearm resistance vesse...

objective(s): angiotensin ⅱ type 1 receptor blockers (arbs) represent one of the widely used antihypertensive agents. in addition to anti-hypertension effect, some arbs also show other molecular effects such as activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and so on. here we studied the effects of telmisartan on the rat isolated mesenteric artery rings pre-contracted by phenylephrine ...

Elevated low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are associated with cutaneous microvascular dysfunction partially mediated by increased arginase activity, which is decreased following a systemic atorvastatin therapy. We hypothesized that increased ascorbate-sensitive oxidant stress, partially mediated through uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) induced by upregulated arginase, contributes to cutaneou...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance is often accompanied by hyperinsulinemia and may predispose to atherosclerosis. Endothelium plays a central role in atherogenesis. The in vivo effects of hyperinsulinemia on endothelial function of large conduit arteries are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-five healthy subjects were enrolled for study. In study A (n=9), subjects underwent both a time-control ...