The initial work introducing Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory is found in Dempster (1967) and Shafer (1976). Since its introduction the very name causes confusion, a more general term often used is belief functions (both used intermittently here). Nguyen (1978) points out, soon after its introduction, that the rudiments of D-S theory can be considered through distributions of random sets. More furt...

Health is very important and valuable for humans, because without good health, every human being will experience difficulties in carrying out their daily activities. Mycetoma disease, also known as fungal infection flesh-eating affects people who live rural or remote areas have limited access to health care medicines. So overcome this problem, we need an expert system that able diagnose mycetom...

An approach to fuse multiple images based on Dempster-Shafer evidential reasoning is proposed in this article. Dempster-Shafer theory provides a complete framework for combining weak evidences from multiple sources. Such situations typically arise in the image fusion problems, where a ‘real scene’ image has to be estimated from incomplete and unreliable observations. By converting images from t...

Finding defects in software is a challenging and time and budget consuming task. Minimizing these adverse effects using software defect prediction models via guiding testers with defective parts of software system is an attractive research area. Previous research emphasized the value of these tools with a mean probability of detection of 71 percent and mean false alarm rates of 25 percent. This...

In this paper we present an application where we put together two methods for clustering and classification into a force aggregation method. Both methods are based on conflicts between elements. These methods work with different type of elements (intelligence reports, vehicles, military units) on different hierarchical levels using specific conflict assessment methods on each level. We use Demp...

This paper applies conformal prediction to derive predictive distributions that are valid under a nonparametric assumption. Namely, we introduce and explore predictive distribution functions that always satisfy a natural property of validity in terms of guaranteed coverage for IID observations. The focus is on a prediction algorithm that we call the Least Squares Prediction Machine (LSPM). The ...

Recently, Hummel and Landy proposed a variation on the Dempster/Shafer theory of evidence that tracks only the first and second order statistics of the opinions of sets of experts. This extension permits the tracking of statistics of probabilistic opinions, however, as opposed to tracking merely Boolean opinions (or possibilities within the "frame of discernment"). Both the Dempster/Shafer form...

We consider a model for the risk-based design of a flood protection dike, and use probability distributions to represent aleatory uncertainty and possibility distributions to describe the epistemic uncertainty associated to the poorly known parameters of such probability distributions. A hybrid method is introduced to hierarchically propagate the two types of uncertainty, and the results are co...