For economies in which the real rate of return on money is too low, the standard prescription is to deflate prices according to the Friedman rule. Implicit in this recommendation is the availability of a lump-sum tax instrument. In this paper, I view lump-sum tax obligations as a form of debt subject to default. While individuals may agree to honor such obligations ex ante, a lack of commitment...

In this paper, we examine deflation-based algebraic multigrid methods for solving large systems of linear equations. Aggregation the unknown terms is applied coarsening, while deflation techniques are proposed improving rate convergence. More specifically, V-cycle strategy adopted, in which, at each iteration, solution computed by initially decomposing it utilizing two complementary subspaces. ...

According to standard economic theory, deflation is the necessary consequence of optimal monetary policy. In 1969, Milton Friedman argued that, under the optimal policy, the nominal interest rate should be zero, and the price level should fall steadily at the real rate of interest. Since then, Friedman’s argument has been confirmed in a formal setting (see e.g., V. V. Chari et al., 1996; Harold...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not prefilled breast implants retain their volume in packaging. METHODS This study examined 32 Poly Implant Prosthesis prefilled textured saline breast implants. All of these implants were within the manufacturer's expiration date at the time of weighing. No holes were visible on any of the implants. All were weighed on an elect...

Pressure controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion (PICSO) has been found to substantially salvage ischemic myocardium. By elevating venous pressure two mechanisms are involved namely the distention of venous vessels inducing mechanotransduction as well as a redistribution of venous flow towards ischemic areas. Mechanotransduction in endothelial cells inducing changes in the ischemic hea...

BACKGROUND Patients treated with the Melody device (Medtronic) for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation experience stent fractures in ≈25% of the cases. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with fracture using 3-dimensional (3D) analyses. METHODS AND RESULTS In situ 3D shape of the Melody stent was reconstructed from 42 patients using procedural biplane fluoro...

Deflation is generally considered as an evil that must be prevented. Economists well are focusing on the question of deflation prevention. This paper examines reasons for why bad and refutes in this context five common errors concerning deflation: That leads to unfair redistribution, induces decrease production, induced price instability chaos, it cause mass unemployment can put economy a disas...

Suppose that one knows an accurate approximation to an eigenvalue of a real symmetric tridiagonal matrix. A variant of deflation by the Givens rotations is proposed in order to split off the approximated eigenvalue. Such a deflation can be used instead of inverse iteration to compute the corresponding eigenvector. © 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

High frequency oscillatory ventilation takes advantage of unique principles of gas flow when respiratory frequencies exceed 3 Hz (180 breaths per minute). These gas flow principles enable the alveolar gas turnover at volumes below or equal to physiologic deadspace. One of these principles is call asymmetrical velocity profile. As Froese and Bryan described in their “State of the Art” article on...