5 A dynamically consistent state estimate is used for the period 1992-2011 to describe 6 the changes in oceanic temperatures and heat content, with an emphasis on determining 7 the noise background in the abyssal (below 2000 m) depths. Interpretation requires close 8 attention to the long memory of the deep ocean, and implying that meteorological forcing of 9 decades to thousands of years ago s...

The Antarctic Slope Front (ASF) modulates ventilation of the abyssal ocean via the export of dense Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) and constrains shoreward transport of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) toward marine-terminating glaciers. Along certain stretches of the continental shelf, particularly where AABW is exported, density surfaces connect the shelf waters to the middepth Circumpolar Dee...

Decadal changes of abyssal temperature in the Pacific Ocean are analyzed using high-quality, full-depth hydrographic sections, each occupied at least twice between 1984 and 2006. The deep warming found over this time period agrees with previous analyses. The analysis presented here suggests it may have occurred after 1991, at least in the North Pacific. Mean temperature changes for the three zo...

Thermal radiation between parallel objects separated by deep subwavelength distances and subject to large thermal gradients (>100 K) can reach very high magnitudes, while being concentrated on a narrow frequency distribution. These unique characteristics could enable breakthrough technologies for thermal transport control and electricity generation (for example, by radiating heat exactly at the...

Lake Kivu in East Africa has gained notoriety for its prodigious amounts of dissolved methane and dangers of limnic eruption. Being meromictic, it is also expected to accumulate heat due to rising regional air temperatures. To investigate the warming trend and distinguish between atmospheric and geothermal heating sources, we compiled historical temperature data, performed measurements with log...

Over the last two decades, our laboratory has been establishing the data base and developing a series of predictive equations for deep body temperature, heart rate and sweat loss responses of clothed soldiers performing physical work at various environmental extremes. Individual predictive equations for rectal temperature, heart rate and sweat loss as a function of the physical work intensity, ...

Recent observational surveys have shown significant oceanic bottom-water warming. However, the mechanisms causing such warming remain poorly understood, and their time scales are uncertain. Here, we report computer simulations that reveal a fast teleconnection between changes in the surface air-sea heat flux off the Adélie Coast of Antarctica and the bottom-water warming in the North Pacific. I...

A topically applied rubifacient delivered by aerosol (Deep-Heat) was studied. After spray application to the forearms of volunteers, without massage, the erythema produced was measured by thermography and correlated with the concentration of 2 salicylate components of the mixture found in local and systemic venous blood. Maximum erythema occurred at about 30 minutes, while blood salicylate leve...