Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steels, incorporated in conventional hardening and tempering, has been a topic intensive research recent years. Yet, the governing microstructural mechanisms involved deep high-alloyed steels are still controversial. Thus, an situ X-ray diffraction study is conducted on three X38CrMoV5-3, X153CrMoV12, ~X190CrVMo20-4 to shed light evolution during subsequent temp...

Cryogenic low noise amplifiers based on high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are widely used in applications such as radio astronomy, deep space communications, and quantum computing, the physical mechanisms governing microwave figure therefore of practical interest. In particular, contribution thermal from gate at cryogenic temperatures remains unclear owing to a lack experimental measur...

Closed cycle He sorption refrigerators are an increasingly popular choice for remote cryogenic operations. The presence of a superfluid film on the inner walls of the evaporation pot limits their performance. We present a simple model of the gas, film, and heat flow in a He sorption refrigerator, taking into account the effects of an orifice to limit superfluid film flow. The model serves as a ...