In order to develop the methods of thermodynamic analysis for the living cell, two models of protoplasm microstructure of the living cell in resting state were suggested. Both models are based on the assumption that the Ling's cell as a statistical mechanics system is non-ergodic. In the first,Van der Waals model, the protein-protein interactions, which form the physical basis for the cell func...

The inner hair cells (IHCs) are the transducers of the cochlea; they convert mechanical vibrations to neural activity. When the IHCs and/or neurons are nonfunctioning over a certain region of the cochlea, this is referred to as a dead region. A dead region can be defined in terms of the characteristic frequencies of the IHCs and/or neurons immediately adjacent to the dead region. Dead regions c...

This paper provides an account of industrial relations in Laos, in light of the transformation theory from the industrial relations literature. The scope of the paper is limited to employment in the formal, wage-earning sector of the civilian economy. The paper argues that the history of industrial relations in Laos can be divided into four eras: the French colonial era (1890s to 1947); the Roy...

Did the Indian and Babylonian astronomy evolve in isolation, was there mutual influence, or was one dependent on the other? Scholars have debated these questions for more than two centuries, and opinion has swung one way or the other with time. The similarities between the two systems that have been investigated are: the use of 30 divisions of the lunar month; the 360 divisions of the civil yea...

Background: Predictive value of the umbilical nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) at birth for neonatal outcomes has been assessed. Hence, the present study was conducted to compare NRBC between discharged and dead neonates.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on preterm newborns with a birth weight of < 1,500 g admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ghaem Hospital, Ma...

Dead end (Dnd1) is an RNA-binding protein that mediates germ-cell viability and suppresses the formation of germ-cell tumors. Kedde et al. (2007) now provide evidence that Dnd1 mediates these effects by counteracting microRNA-mediated silencing of mRNAs.

Enzyme-dead mutations in the herpes simplex virus 1 UL12 gene that abolished its endo- and exonuclease activities only slightly reduced viral replication in cell cultures. However, the UL12 null mutation significantly reduced viral replication, suggesting that a UL12 function(s) unrelated to its nuclease activities played a major role in viral replication. In contrast, the enzyme-dead mutations...

Cell death is closely linked to many diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, andmetabolic disorders. Increased adipocyte death has been reported during the development of obesity. Adipocyte death may be caused by excessive stress during obesity-related adipose tissue remodeling. Adipose tissue macrophages are key players in obesity-related inflammation and sy...

A critical problem associated with establishment of stable transformants of mammalian cells containing drug resistant markers is that many cell types are dependent on cell to cell interaction for growth. Thus, when the transfection efficiency is very low the successfully, but rare transfected drug resistant cells may be inhibited from growing due to low cell density. Moreover, cytotoxicity of t...