Kinetic analysis with mathematical models has become increasingly important to quantify physiological parameters in computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). The modified Kety/Tofts model and the graphical (Patlak) model have been widely applied to DCE-MRI results in disease processes such as cancer, inflammation, and ischemia. In...

Introduction: Intracellular water lifetime (τi) is closely related to membrane permeability and intracellular water diffusivity in addition to size and shape of the cells [1, 2]. The importance of this parameter is paramount in understanding MR data, particularly for diffusion and perfusion experiments. Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI of a diffusible tracer has been widely used for diagnosi...

Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the perfusion imaging techniques most frequently used to probe the angiogenic character of brain neoplasms. With these methods, T1- and T2/T2*-weighted imaging sequences are used to image the distribution of gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents. However, it is well known that Gd exhib...

There is increasing recognition of the importance of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in aging, dementia, stroke and multiple sclerosis in addition to more commonly-studied pathologies such as tumors. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is a method for studying BBB disruption in vivo. We review pathologies studied, scanning protocols and data analysis procedures to determine the range o...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is important to identify patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who fail to respond to chemoradiotherapy so that they can undergo post-treatment salvage surgery while the disease is still operable. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI using a pharmacokinetic model for pre-treatment predictive...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for predicting tumor response to radiotherapy in patients with suspected primary central nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumors (GCTs). METHODS DCE-MRI parameters of 35 patients with suspected primary CNS GCTs were obtained prior to diagnostic radiation, using the Tofts and Kermode model. Ra...

Abstract Background Positron emission tomography (PET) using anti-1-amino-3-18fluorine-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (18F-fluciclovine) shows preferential glioma cell uptake with low activity in normal brain. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI may also be used to investigate regions of that do not show gadolinium-enhancement on post-contrast T1-weighted MR sequences (Gd-T1) and reflect t...

BACKGROUND Brain metastasis is a common disease with a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to test feasibility and safety of the animal models for brain metastases and to use dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to enhance detection of brain metastases. METHODS With approval from the institutional animal ethics committee, 18 New Zealand rabbits were randomly...

OBJECTIVE To assess the early vascular effects of sunitinib in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T2* perfusion MRI. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 10 patients with abdominal RCC lesions, DWI, DCE-MRI and T2* perfusion MRI measurements at 3 Tesla were performed at base...

PURPOSE To benchmark MOBILE (Mapping of Oxygen By Imaging Lipid relaxation Enhancement), a recent noninvasive MR method of mapping changes in tumor hypoxia, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) as biomarkers of changes in tumor hemodynamics induced by the antivascular agent combretastatin A4 (CA4). METHODS NT2 and MDA-MB-231 mammary tumor...