Introduction: Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) generated during ballast water treatment using active substances have gained increasing interest owing to their potential impact on the marine environment. This study aimed investigate occurrence and distribution of DBPs, which are secondary products electrolysis, land-based tests. Methods: DBP levels were compared under various conditions, including...

Cobalt catalysed decomposition of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) generates highly reactive sulfate radical, making it a viable way to degrade a broad range of contaminants. The high oxidation potential of SO4-· (E0=2.5-3.1V) also enables it to react with inorganic halides (Fang and Shang 2012, Lutze et al. 2014). For instance, SO4·oxidizes Clto chlorine radicals (Cl·). Cl· further reacts with Clyieldi...

Recent epidemiologic studies have reported associations between the consumption of chlorinated drinking water and reproductive and developmental effects. Here we review the available epidemiologic data, assess the hazard potential posed by exposure to disinfection by-products, identify critical data gaps, and offer recommendations for further research. The epidemiologic evidence supporting asso...

Viability of a single-step mixotrophic algal wastewater treatment (A-WWT) system in delivering discharge-quality effluent has been previously demonstrated. This report presents inactivation performance the A-WWT and compares it with that high-rate ponds, activated sludge , membrane bioreactors . Log reduction per unit energy input/volume by is shown to range 6.4–14.6 m 3 /kWh, while above alter...

Halides (X=Cl, Br, I) are naturally present in water, and halide concentrations can be high water sources that impacted by salinity. also wastewater streams from various industrial operations such as pulp paper, oil gas, mining. Drinking guideline limits have been established for halides, removal is important several ways. Chloride concentration more related to salinity, its matters because of ...

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation in water distribution networks (WDNs) is a common type of quality failure. A reliable DBPs modeling can be way to prevent In this study, generalized regression neural network (GRNN)-based models were developed predict the occurrence three unregulated i.e. dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), trichloropropanone (TCP), and trichloronitromethane (TCNM). Water samp...

The disposal and leaks of hydraulic fracturing wastewater (HFW) to the environment pose human health risks. Since HFW is typically characterized by elevated salinity, concerns have been raised whether the high bromide and iodide in HFW may promote the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and alter their speciation to more toxic brominated and iodinated analogues. This study evaluated the...

Disinfection with chloramines is often used to reduce the production of regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). However, chloramination can lead to the formation of N-nitrosamines, including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a probable human carcinogen. Previous research used dimethylamine (DMA) as a model precursor of NDMA, but certain...

Detection of DBPs directly from only 1 μL drinking water provides novel and less biased insights DBP formation their chemical properties.