mold powders in continuous casting of steel contain fluorine through mainly caf2 and occasionally naf andna3alf6. fluorine develops dangerous gases such as sif4 and hf at high temperatures. in this study, caf2 is partly replaced by substances such as na2co3, zno and fe2o3.sulfur free portland cement clinker containing gypsum was used as a new product base. these additions developed comparable v...

Introduction A growing level of attention has recently been given to the automated control of potentially hazardous processes such as the overpressure or containment of dangerous substances. Several independent protection methods provide measures to reduce the risk from such hazards to personnel, the environment and assets. A significant level of this risk reduction is allocated to safety instr...

It is difficult, almost impossible, to give an exact definition of the term ' poison ', for substances which are innocuous to the body and are necessary for maintaining health may act as poisons under certain conditions. Almost anything that can be absorbed can be made dangerous to health if enough of it be taken. For instance, common salt, a harmless substance essential for maintenance of a he...

The aim of these notes is to contribute to the dialog between P systems and Biological Sciences focussing on membrane proteins involved either in iron transport inside the bacterial cells or in elimination outside the bacterial cells of substances which are dangerous for the cell. The ability of these membrane proteins to behave as Maxwell’s demon, gate keeper, or as “a being who can see the in...

An Act to make further provision for securing the health, safety and welfare of persons at work, for protecting others against risks to health or safety in connection with the activities of persons at work, for controlling the keeping and use and preventing the unlawful acquisition, possession and use of dangerous substances, and for controlling certain emissions into the atmosphere; to make fu...

Throughout the last decade, the use of energy drinks has been increasingly looked upon with caution as potentially dangerous due to their perceived strong concentration of caffeine aside from other substances such as taurine, guarana, and L-carnitine that are largely unknown to the general public. In addition, a large number of energy drink intoxications have been reported all over the world in...

Firefighting is a dangerous occupation that relies heavily on the effectiveness of protective clothing. This type of protective clothing must resist heat, flame, rough surfaces, and sharp objects as well as protect the wearer against biological/chemical surfaces. In order to address these issues, a survey was administered to firefighters to determine necessary changes that would make the presen...

The immune system has two main mechanisms: cellular (type 1) and antibody (type 2). In normal pregnancy, substances produced by the placenta (particularly progesterone) cause a shift in how the mother’s immune system behaves so that it becomes ‘type 2 dominant’. This is because type 1 responses are potentially more dangerous for the pregnancy. This shift means that some autoimmune diseases that...

The “Cinnamon Challenge” entails swallowing a tablespoon of ground cinnamon in 60 seconds without drinking fluids. However, as stated on www.cinnamonchallenge.com, this challenge is practically impossible, decidedly unpleasant, and potentially harmful. The site warns: “Do not attempt the cinnamon challenge without talking to a doctor. Obviously they [sic] are going to tell you not to do it. [It...