The prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli and their biotypes in beef and dairy cattle from the South of Chile was established. Campylobacter were statistically more prevalent among beef cattle (35.9%) than among dairy cattle (21.3%), being C. jejuni the species most frequently isolated.

Streptococcus thermophilus is one of the most valuable homo-fermentative lactic acid bacteria, which, for a long time, has been widely used as a starter for the production of fermented dairy products. The key production characteristics of S. thermophilus, for example the production of extracellular polysaccharide, proteolytic enzymes and flavor substances as well as acidifying capacity etc., ha...

Serra da Estrela Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) cheese is the most famous Portuguese cheese and has a high commercial value. However, the adulteration of production with cheaper/lower-quality milks from non-autochthones ovine breeds compromises the quality of the final product and undervalues the original PDO cheese. A Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was developed for ef...

Johne's disease ('paratuberculosis') is a chronic, infectious, wasting disease that affects dairy cattle. Estimation of its impact on herd productivity and corresponding economic loss on US dairy operations was part of the USDA National Animal Health Monitoring System's (NAHMS) 1996 national dairy study. Johne's-positive herds experience an economic loss of almost US$ 100 per cow when compared ...

The traditional New Zealand ryegrass/white clover based seasonal dairy farm system has remained unchanged for many years. Because pasture remains the predominant source of feed, increased milksolids (MS) production is dependent on growing or utilising more pasture. If the increased pasture growth from N fertiliser is discounted then increases in MS production have not occurred on our best dairy...

The base of this review is to consider the relevant role that animal factors (potential milk yield, body weight, body condition score, state of lactation, parity and fertility) play on milk performance (considering the energy balance and the rumen function across the full lactation curve of animals) and milk quality (milk protein content, milk fat content, milk lactose content, vitamins, minera...

Introduction It is now widely recognised that reduced fertility in dairy herds is one of the most important factors affecting producer profitability. Roche (2006) has defined the effect of infertility on profitability as: (i) prolonged calving interval with fewer calves and less milk per cow; (ii) increased replacement costs; (iii) increased labour, semen and veterinary bills; and (iv) an exten...

Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic, production-limiting disease of ruminants. Control programs aiming to minimize the effects of the disease on the dairy industry have been launched in many countries, including Canada. Those programs commonly focus on strict hygiene and management improvement, often combined with various testing methods. Concurrently, organic dairy farming has been increasing in...

Heat stress negatively impacts a variety of dairy parameters including milk yield and reproduction and therefore is a significant financial burden (~$900 million/year in the USA; St. Pierre et al., 2003) in many dairy-producing areas of the world. Advances in management (i.e. cooling systems) and nutritional strategies have alleviated some of the negative impact of thermal stress on dairy cattl...

The utilization of dairy wastewater for producing algal biomass is seen as a two-fold opportunity to treat wastewater and produce algae biomass, which can be potentially used for production of biofuels. In animal agriculture system, one of the major waste streams is dairy manure that contains high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Furthermore, it is produced abundantly in California's dairy in...