background and objectives: many iranian public hospitals are faced with serious financial challenges such as shortage of income and heavy debts. nevertheless, many of the healthcare services are often remained unearned for not being included in the clinical records or patient bill, resulting in considerable loss of legitimate hospital in­come. given the limited studies in this area in iran, the...

Background. The multiplicity and diversity of daily life physical activities may have harmful effects on body health. The cervical and lumbar regions of the body are more vulnerable to functional problems resulting from daily lifestyles and activities. Objectives. The present study aims to develop a special program of therapeutic rehabilitation exercises that can relieve cervical and lumbar pa...

this study focused on the income generating capacity of farm family’s own resources and examined the vulnerability to financial risk among the remote and peri-urban farming systems of imo state. primary data was collected using the farming and rural systems approach to randomly select and interview 120 households. descriptive statistics and mann whitney test were used in assessing between group...

Abstract Sound generating human activities so-called “anthropogenic sound” have increased ambient sound levels considerably in aquatic habitats that are markedly diverse in time and space. Sound generating human activities is now recognized as a potential driver of environmental changes in marine habitats. Iran has 750 km coastline along the Caspian Sea located in the north and around 2250 km ...

This study investigated the effects of mate switching on the reproductive performance of the severum cichlid, Herosseverus, by advancing the egg and larval production in hatcheries. Two reproductive tactic treatments of “monogamous pair” and “mate switching” were used for evaluating 4 reproductive traits of egg production, hatching rate, spawning intervals, and starvation tolerance of the larva...

This study investigated the effects of mate switching on the reproductive performance of the severum cichlid, Herosseverus, by advancing the egg and larval production in hatcheries. Two reproductive tactic treatments of “monogamous pair” and “mate switching” were used for evaluating 4 reproductive traits of egg production, hatching rate, spawning intervals, and starvation tolerance of the larva...