Adhya, Sankar (University of Wisconsin, Madison), and Harrison Echols. Glucose effect and the galactose enzymes of Escherichia coli: correlation between glucose inhibition of induction and inducer transport. J. Bacteriol. 92:601-608. 1966.-The inhibitory effect of glucose on the induction of the enzymes required for galactose utilization ("glucose effect") was studied in Escherichia coli. Exper...

The gene for one postulated enzyme that converts GDP-L-galactose to L-galactose-1-phosphate is unknown in the L-galactose pathway of ascorbic acid biosynthesis and a possible candidate identified through map-based cloning is the uncharacterized gene At4g26850. We identified a putative function for At4g26850 using PSI-Blast and motif searching to show it was a member of the histidine triad super...

Lactose is usually metabolized by A-galactosidase-catalyzed cleavage to D-glucose and D-galactose, followed by the conversion of Dgalactose to D-glucose 6-phosphate via the well known Leloir pathway (10): D-galactose *D galactose 1-phosphate D-glucose 1-phosphate D-glucose 6-phosphate. In Staphylococcus aureus, however, the disaccharide is utilized exclusively via lactose phosphate, which is cl...

N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) modification of a lactose permease mutant containing a single-Cys in place of Ala-122 (helix IV) abolishes active lactose transport. Moreover, lactose, melibiose, and beta,d-galactopyranosyl 1-thio-beta,D-galactopyranoside protect against NEM inactivation of lactose transport and/or alkylation of Cys-122 by [(14)C]NEM. Remarkably, however, D-galactose transport is relativ...

Galactose mutarotase catalyzes the first step in normal galactose metabolism by catalyzing the conversion of beta-D-galactose to alpha-D-galactose. The structure of the enzyme from Lactococcus lactis was recently solved in this laboratory and shown to be topologically similar to domain 5 of beta-galactosidase. From this initial X-ray analysis, four amino acid residues were demonstrated to be in...

The galactose-binding protein, a necessary component of a bacterical transport system, is shown by three independent methods to undergo a conformational change upon binding of substrate. 1. A Lineweaver-Burk plot of the binding data obtained by equilibrium dialysis at a protein concentration of 0.4 mg per ml shows heterogenous behavior. Extrapolation of the data at low galactose concentrations ...

The capacity of intestinal lactase (EC 3.2.1.23) of piglets to hydrolyse lactose in vivo was investigated by measuring the response of blood galactose to doses of lactose, galactose plus glucose and both whole and skimmed milk. Following the administration of oral doses of lactose dissolved in water to piglets from 2 to 18 d of age the adjusted galactose area under the curve (AUC) was between 1...

Two monoclonal antibodies against the cross-reactive antigens of S. cricetus (type a) and S. sobrinus (type d) were isolated. Galactose and especially melibiose inhibited the precipitin reaction markedly. Inhibition by melibiose was over 200-fold stronger than that by galactose. This may indicate that galactose-alpha 1, 6-glucose is the predominant antigenic determinant of this cross-reactive a...

The carbohydrate catabolism of the bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Ac (previously named Pseudomonas sp. strain Ac), which is known to convert the unnatural polyol L-glucitol to D-sorbose during growth on the former as the sole source of carbon and energy, was studied in detail. All enzymes operating in a pathway that channels L-glucitol via D-sorbose into compounds of the intermediary me...

Using a quantitative assay for measuring chemotaxis, we tested a variety of sugars and sugar derivatives for their ability to attract Escherichia coli bacteria. The most effective attractants, i.e., those that have thresholds near 10(-5) M or below, are N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, 6-deoxy-d-glucose, d-fructose, d-fucose, 1-d-glycerol-beta-d-galactoside, galactitol, d-galactose, d-glucosamine, d-glu...