Two types of catfish alloantigen-dependent cytotoxic T cells were cloned from PBL from a fish immunized in vivo and stimulated in vitro with the allogeneic B cell line 3B11. Because these are the first clonal cytotoxic T cell lines derived from an ectothermic vertebrate, studies were undertaken to characterize their recognition and cytotoxic mechanisms. The first type of CTL (group I) shows str...

The final results of a clinical trial comparing endocrine with cytotoxic drug treatment for advanced breast cancer were analysed. Although cytotoxic treatment gave a significantly higher response rate with a remission duration comparable to that obtained with endocrine treatment, the sequence in which the two treatments were given did not appear to influence survival--except possibly in women w...

Hepatitis B surface antigen is the first genetically engineered vaccine licensed for human use. Various strategies have been proposed to obtain a vaccine that would bypass the need for injection. In this study, a non-toxic portion of heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli that is capable of adhering to epithelial cells was inserted at amino acid position 112 of hepatitis surface antigen. T...

Background: Noradrenaline (NA), the principal neurotransmitter released from sympathetic nerve terminals, influences T-cell maturation, not only directly in developing T cells, but also indirectly, by acting on the thymic nonlymphoid cells. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, antiangiogenic and cytotoxic properties of propranolol, β-AR blocker,...

Background: The use of dendritic cells (DCs) as a cellular adjuvant provides a promis-ing approach in immunotherapy of cancer. It has been demonstrated that Listeria mono-cytogenes activated DCs pulsed ex vivo with tumor antigens trigger a systemic Th1-biased specific immune response and a single dose of this vaccine will cause a consider-able anti tumor immunity. Objective: The present study w...

We investigated the effects that mouse interleukin 3 (IL-3), in comparison to mouse IL-2, has on the generation of cytotoxic effectors capable of killing line 1 tumor cells. These potent immunological mediators were delivered locally using gene transfection, rather than systemically, to the tumor site. We created line 1 transfectants that express high levels of IL-3 (3750 units/ml) or IL-2 (200...

objective(s): chalcones and their rigid analogues represent an important class of small molecules having anticancer activities. therefore, in this study the synthesis and cytotoxic activity of new 3-benzylidenchroman-4-ones were described as rigid chalcone analogues.   materials and methods: the reaction of resorcinol with 3-chloropropionic acid in the presence of cf3so3h was afforded correspon...

purpose : cytotoxic drugs are the gold standard and the first line treatment for ophthalmological manifestations of behçet’s disease (bd). the purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of eyes with chlorambucil on long-term follow-up, in a longitudinal study on 15 years. methods : chlorambucil was given as 0.2 to 0.3 mg per kilogram of body weight and per day. prednisolone was concomita...

the genus stachys belongs to lamiaceae family with about 300 species and worldwide distribution. in the present study, the cytotoxic activity of four fractions of different satchys species (s. byzatina c. koch., s. inflata benth., s. setifera ten. and s. persica gmel.), has been investigated against ht-29 (colon carcinoma), caco-2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), t-47d (breast ductal carcinoma) and...