OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of thyroid ultrasound in children with autoimmune thyroiditis diagnosed either on cytopathology or by the presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies. DESIGN AND SETTINGS Children presenting for the first time to the Thyroid Clinic at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences for the complaint of goiter over a two year period (January 2005-December 20...

Sputum Cytology is a cheap and noninvasive investigation contributing significantly to the workload of Cytopathology Laboratories. However, over years, use has depreciated. It been taken by more advanced procedures like Broncho Alveolar Lavage Trans Bronchial Needle Aspiration, which are comparatively invasive expensive requiring much higher learning curve. Hence, usefulness samples needs be ex...

Atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) is a new category in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) for which repeat fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is recommended. The aim of this study was to identify specific ultrasonography and clinical predictors of malignancy in a subset of thyroid nodules associated with cytology diagnoses of AUS/F...

Chordoma is a relatively rare locally invasive and potentially malignant tumor of fetal notochord origin, affecting the axial skeleton. Cytopathological diagnosis of chordoma is favored by the presence of characteristic physaliphorous cells, bearing abundant foamy cytoplasm dispersed in a myxoid matrix. Anaplastic chordoma or dedifferentiated chordoma, an even rarer variant, can cause a diagnos...

Background. There is a high incidence of inconclusive cytopathology at initial EUS-FNA (endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration) for suspected malignant pancreatic lesions. To obtain appropriate preoperative or palliative chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer, definitive cytopathology is often required. The utility of repeat EUS-FNA is not well established. Methods. A retrospective coh...

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains in most cases an incurable disease with genetic complexity and heterogeneity. Improvements classification management have been introduced, addition to the development of endocrine anti-HER2 targeted therapies. Currently, efforts are being made delineate best approach for genomic landscape MBC and, as result, molecular therapeutic targets. Here, we highligh...

The author misstates and oversimplifies much of Freudian theories, and in stating his own ideas does so with assurance but no documentary evidence. There are a number of factual errors in the book, such as the notion that folic acid cures pernicious anemia. The grammar and style are awkward in many places, and it is written in a nonmedical style. To summarize, this short work represents the att...