The coexistence of competing species is, due to unavoidable fluctuations, always transient. In this Letter, we investigate the ultimate survival probabilities characterizing different species in cyclic competition. We show that they often obey a surprisingly simple, though nontrivial behavior. Within a model where coexistence is neutrally stable, we demonstrate a robust zero-one law: When the i...

We study a six-species Lotka-Volterra-type system on different two-dimensional lattices when each species has two superior and two inferior partners. The invasion rates from predator sites to a randomly chosen neighboring prey site depend on the predator-prey pair, whereby cyclic symmetries within the two three-species defensive alliances are conserved. Monte Carlo simulations reveal an unexpec...

In this paper, the Optional Prisoner’s Dilemma game in a spatial environment, with coevolutionary rules for both the strategy and network links between agents, is studied. Using a Monte Carlo simulation approach, a number of experiments are performed to identify favourable configurations of the environment for the emergence of cooperation in adverse scenarios. Results show that abstainers play ...

objective: cell vital function has correlation with mechanical loadings that cell experiences. here, effects of in-vitro combined cyclic-static stretch on proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cell (hmsc) were evaluated. materials and methods: hmscs were cultured on gelatin coated elastic membranes, and exposed to stretch loading. four different regimes of cyclic, static, combined cyclic-sta...

This paper describes a method of obtaining MOLS of order v = 2np for p a prime power. In particular, it gives 5,7 and 9 MOLS of orders 48,40 and 80 respectively. If x = Min(2p-1 ,2n-1 ,4n-2) , it is conjectured that x MOLS of order v are always-obtainable by this method. Australasian Journ::ll of ~ohmin::ltnrirc: 101 1QQLl \ n .... 17f.;;_1Qg::

in many countries, particularly developing countries, economic reforms, especially privatization, are considered as a strategic approach. the growth of the government decreases the competition in the market, and so, some fields should be privatized in order to create the competition.  by moving towards privatization and the changes in competition methods and the presentation of the world trade,...

In this paper we argue that flexible learning, as is prevailing among Australasian higher education institutions in recent years, is not without a price. Through a review of literature, we try to uncover provisos underpinning flexible learning. That is, all flexibilities come with provisos, pre-conditions, and commitments (or even inflexibilities). In order to make one aspect of the instruction...

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