This article describes a prototype implementation of a symbolic model checker for a subset of VHDL. The model checker applies a number of techniques to reduce the search space, thus allowing for efficient verification of real circuits. We have completed an initial release of the VHDL model checker and have used it to verify complex circuits, including the control logic of a commercial RISC micr...

AIM Little is known about the impact of having one cardiovascular (CV) risk factor on the levels of other CV risk factors in the general adolescent population. We hypothesized that when adolescents have one CV risk factor, the levels of other CV risk factors worsen simultaneously. METHODS Subjects consisted of 1,257 healthy adolescent volunteers (549 males and 708 females) aged 15-18 years. A...

The transgenic rats TGR(ASrAOGEN) (TGR) with low levels of brain angiotensinogen were analyzed for cardiovascular reactivity to microinjections of ANG II and angiotensin receptor (AT(1)) antagonists [CV-11974, AT(1) specific; A-779, ANG-(1--7) selective; sarthran, nonspecific] into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of conscious rats. Microinjection of ANG II resulted in a significantly h...

The structure of a new antibiotic, CV-1 was determined to be 1,2-diamino-1,2-N,N'-carbonyl-1,2-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucose hydrate by spectral and chemical studies. CV-1 possessed a unique open ring hemiaminal structure. CV-1 synthesized from N-carbamoyl-D-glucosamine was identical to material isolated from fermentation.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience serious adverse cardiovascular (CV) consequences. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD, being secondary not only to an increased prevalence of traditional CV risk factors, but also to the presence of a wide array of nontraditional risk factors unique to patients with CKD. Pathogenesis in...

BACKGROUND Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have double the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease, largely independently of traditional CV risk factors. Renal dysfunction is associated with CV morbidity and mortality in the general population, but data on this association in RA are lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between renal function and CV events in RA. METHODS The...

BACKGROUND Statins are effective for primary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) disease, the leading cause of death in the world. Multinational guidelines emphasize CV risk as an important factor for optimal statin prescribing. However, it's not clear how primary care providers (PCPs) use this information. The objective of this study was to determine how primary care providers use information ab...

Cerebrovascular (CV) dysfunction is emerging as a critical component of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including altered CV coverage. Angiogenic growth factors (AGFs) are key for controlling CV coverage, especially during disease pathology. Therefore, evaluating the effects of AGFs in vivo can provide important information on the role of CV coverage in AD. We recently demonstrated that epidermal gro...

OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with that in people from the general population, adjusting for traditional CV risk factors. METHODS Two hundred thirty-six consecutive patients with RA were assessed for the 1-year occurrence of 1) CV-related hospitalizations, including myocardial infarction, stroke or other arterial occ...

We prove that for k ≥ 5 there does not exist a continuous map ∂CV (Fk) → PCurr(Fk) that is either Out(Fk)-equivariant or Out(Fk)-anti-equivariant. Here ∂CV (Fk) is the “length-function” boundary of Culler-Vogtmann’s Outer space CV (Fk), and PCurr(Fk) is the space of projectivized geodesic currents for Fk. We also prove that, if k ≥ 3, for the action of Out(Fk) on PCurr(Fk) and for the diagonal ...