Flat, two-dimensional (2D) cell culture substrates are simple to use but offer little control over cell morphologies and behavior. In this article, we present a number of novel and unique methods for advanced cell culture in microwells utilizing air bubbles as a way to seed cells in order to provide substantial control over cellular microenvironments and organization to achieve specific cell-ba...

A presentation of techniques for organ culture and an evaluation of the effects of organ culture on human and animal corneas is presented. The gross and microscopic appearance of cultured corneas, phase contrast microscopic study, and histopathology of organ-cultured corneas are discussed. These obseivations show that corneas can be stored in organ culture and that after prolonged in vitro pres...

The current status of antenatal genetic diagnosis is reviewed and the limitations of present techniques are discussed. It is suggested that multidisciplinary clinics are the most efficient means of providing this aspect of health care. Advances in cell culture techniques, in ultrasonography and in fetoscopy will extend the services available, and the impact of this will be felt by the community...

The work presented here demonstrates the utility of a two-step algorithm for environmental poliovirus surveillance based on: preselection of sewage samples tested for the presence of enteroviral genetic material-RT-PCR assay and detection of infectious viruses by cell culture technique (L20B for polioviruses and RD for polio and other non-polio enteroviruses). RD and L20B cell lines were tested...

Fed-batch culture strategy is often used for increasing production of heterologous recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. This study was initiated to investigate the effects of dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC), complex nitrogen sources and pH control agents on cell growth and intracellular expression of streptokinase (SK) in recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3). Increase in DOC set point from 3...

The original report of Hiatt (1989) initiated a wave of excitement at the realization that a complex mammalian protein such as immunoglobulin could be assembled within a plant cell. The general reaction was one of amazement, but interest in exploiting the possibilities arising from the discovery, for example to make antibodies of therapeutic value, has taken a considerable time to develop. In t...

The production of lipids by oleaginous yeast and fungi becomes more important because these lipids can be used for biodiesel production. To understand the process of lipid production better, we developed a model for growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in submerged batch fermentation. This model describes three subsequent phases: exponential growth when both a C-source and an N-source ar...

Murphy, W. H. (The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) and Cora Bullis. Effect of triiodothyronine on cells and on their response to infection by polioviruses. J. Bacteriol. 83:641-648. 1962.-An analysis was made of the effect of triiodothyronine (T3) at physiological (1 mug/ml) and maximal subliminal toxic levels (35 mug/ml) on HeLa-S3, HeLa-Gey, Chang-liver, and Maben cells, and on their respo...

Cell culture technologies form the basis of most alternative methods. They have matured over the last decades, but severe limitations remain, which – to say it positively – leave room for improvement. This second article of the Food for Thought series wants to raise awareness of current limitations that impact on the predictive value of test systems based on cell cultures. The critical question...

Dynamic changes of physiological bioprocess parameters, e.g. a change in the specific growth rate μ, are frequently observed during industrial manufacturing as well as bioprocess development. A quantitative description of these variations is of great interest, since it can bring elucidation to the physiological state of the culture. The goal of this contribution was to show limitations and issu...