Laboratory x-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a fast-growing method in scientific research applications that allows for non-destructive imaging of morphological structures. This paper provides an easily operated "how to" guide for new potential users and describes the various steps required for successful planning of research projects that involve micro-CT. Background information on ...

Accurate finite element (FE) modeling of complex skeletal anatomy requires high resolution in both meshing and the heterogeneous mapping of material properties onto the generated mesh. This study introduces Node-based elastic Modulus Assignment with Partial-volume correction (NMAP) as a new approach for FE material property assignment to thin bone structures. The NMAP approach incorporates poin...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dose reduction, by means of tube exposure reduction, on bone strength prediction from finite-element (FE) analysis. Fresh thoracic mid-vertebrae specimens (n = 11) were imaged, using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), at different intensities of X-ray tube exposures (80, 150, 220 and 500 mAs). Bone mineral density (BMD) was estimated from the m...

An 85-year-old man complained of a 2-month history of pain on the left side of his face. Brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography did not clearly show any intracranial abnormality and only showed fluid effusion in his left sphenoid sinus. Filamentous fungi were detected from the left sphenoid sinus specimen. The isolate was Scedosporium apiosp...

OBJECTIVES To report an unusual presentation of a giant sigmoid diverticulum in the colon. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION The patient presented with an abdominal mass, altered bowel habits, and increasing weight. The provisional diagnosis was made by barium enema and CT scan. The patient underwent laparotomy, revealing a perforated giant sigmoid diverticulum that was excised using Har...

CASE HISTORY A 35-yr-old obese male was admitted to the Tri-Service General Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) for further examination of an abnormal opacity seen on a chest radiograph obtained during a medical check-up. The patient had been asymptomatic and had never received any treatment with steroids. Physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory data, including complete blood count and tumour m...

A patient who had previously undergone resection of a malignant glioma followed by radiation therapy was found to have a focus of a high accumulation of thallous chloride Tl 201 on single-photon emission CT scans, suggesting recurrent tumor. Resection of this area was performed and the specimen showed radiation necrosis, including such reactive changes as reactive astrocytes and lymphocytes in ...

A 50-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of a 2-month history of painful gingival swelling. Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen showed a metastatic adenocarcinoma, and a chest-abdominopelvic CT showed multiple metastases in the lung, liver, and spleen, but failed to demonstrate the primary tumor. He had never complained of abdominal symptoms, and physical examinat...

We performed experiments and data analysis to determine how powder morphology and particle size affect X-ray attenuation (CT number or CTN). These experiments were performed on a CT system with an isotropic resolution of (0.15 mm), and an endpoint energy of 160kV. Powders with effective atomic number (Ze) within ±0.2 of water were found to have CTN more directly related to electron density than...

A 29-yr-old homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with watery diarrhea and fever. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed to obtain duodenal aspirates and biopsies. A 4-cm submucosal mass in the gastric antrum was identified. Subsequent abdominal CT scan confirmed the presence of this antral mass. An attempt at CT guided needle biopsy was nondiagnostic. Because...