This case report demonstrates sequential periodontic, orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment modalities to save and restore deep horizontally fractured maxillary central incisor. The location of fracture was deep in the mucosa which reveals less than 2 mm of tooth structure to receive the crown. The procedures like surgical crown lengthening, endodontic post placement, orthodontic forced erupt...

Aesthetic crown lengthening is one important chapter in contemporary periodontology. Traditionally, this procedure is performed using a flap elevation to a full exposure of the underling bone to allow for osteotomy/osteoplasty. However, in well-indicated cases, it is possible to meet that purpose using a flapless approach; i.e. without a flap elevation, in which the osteotomy is performed throu...

Orthodontic extrusion (OE), which is performed in many different clinical situations to move a tooth or its periodontal tissues coronally, is often associated with supracrestal fiberotomy and root planing (OEFRP) or followed by surgical crown lengthening. The OEFRP procedure must be carried out every 2 weeks during the entire extrusive orthodontic phase, and precise control of the technique its...

The restoration of endodontic tooth is always a challenge for the clinician, not only due to excessive loss of tooth structure but also invasion of the biological width due to large decayed lesions. In this paper, the 7 most common clinical scenarios in molars with class II lesions ever deeper were examined. This includes both the type of restoration (direct or indirect) and the management of t...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of ferrule preparation length on the fracture resistance after simulated surgical crown lengthening and after forced tooth eruption of endodontically-treated teeth restored with a carbon fiber-reinforced post-and-core system. METHODS 40 extracted endodontically-treated mandibular first premolars were decoronated 1.0 mm coronal to the buccal cemento-enamel juncti...

This case report describes a successful multidisciplinary approach used to improve the smile esthetics of a patient presenting with excessive gingival display, asymmetric gingival margins, and small upper anterior teeth and lower anterior teeth. The treatment combined esthetic crown lengthening, dental bleaching, and restorative dentistry using CAD/CAM veneer. The 6-month follow-up examination ...

background: periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. environmental and genetic factors as well as the immune system participate in this process. recent studies have attempted to elucidate the role of cytokine networks involved in periodontal diseases. objective: to assess and compare the levels of il-4, il-6 and il-...

Although human dental anatomy is taught in university curricula, clinicians often witness restorations that are not proportional to one another. Dental restorations should also be proportional to periodontal supporting tissues as an essential aspect of dental anatomy. Measurements can be performed directly on a patient's teeth with aesthetic gauges used to confirm the correct position of the su...