Materials and Methods: In this two phased cross-sectional study 337 and 310 adults were evaluated respectively. Before the smoking ban was implemented we visited 84 workplaces in city center, after 18 months later 97 workplaces were visited in the same region. In both phases, the participants’ opinions about the necessity/applicability of the ban were evaluated. In the second phase, they were a...

Since the seminal work of Becker (1968), a large empirical literature has developed around the estimation and testing of economic models of crime. Recently, spatial interactions of crime incidents have become one of the research areas in economics in connection with the progress of spatial econometrics. But these models of crime based on aggregated data relied heavily on cross-sectional econome...

The Data Nerlove assembled a cross-section data set for 1955. The set contains 145 …rms in 44 states. The variables are: total costs, factor prices (the wage rate, the price of fuel, the rental rate of capital) and output. Rental rate of capital: Although …rms own capital (e.g. power plants), standard investment theory (Jorgenson 1963) tells us that (as long as there are no costs in changing th...

What is the role of information technology (IT) in enabling the outsourcing of manufacturing plant production processes? Do plant strategies influence production outsourcing? Does production process outsourcing influence plant performance? This research addresses these questions by investigating the role of IT and plant strategies as antecedents of production outsourcing, and evaluating the imp...

Background: The literature shows us the nursing students can improve this ability in undergraduate clinical education and they should learn how to think critically for giving better care. Objective: This study identifies the relationship between disposition toward critical thinking and caring behaviour of nursing students. Methodology: This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample that c...

We review the theory of leverage developed in collateral equilibrium models with incomplete markets. We explain how leverage tends to boost asset prices and create bubbles. We show how leverage can be endogenously determined in equilibrium and how it depends on volatility. We describe the dynamic feedback properties of leverage, volatility, and asset prices, in what we call the leverage cycle, ...

We study markets with costly buyer search in which sellers simultaneously post prices. Buyers costlessly observe one or (with probability 1 q) two of the posted prices, and can accept one or pay to search again. The experiment varies q, the search cost, and the number of buyers. Equilibrium theory predicts a unified very low (high) price for q=0 (q=1) and predicts specific distributions of disp...

The average quality of available educational resources varies significantly across Europe. This not only affects school success and failure but also subsequent labour market outcomes. The main research question in this paper is to what extent this compositional variation among early school leavers (ESLrs) in particular can account for the crossnational variation of their income disadvantage rel...