System-level research has resulted in significant advancements in horticultural crop production. Contributions of individual components to production efficiency, cost, and environmental impact have been a focus of such research. Public awareness of the environmental impact of products and services is increasing. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool to study horticultural crop production system...

Many studies have examined the role of mean climate change in agriculture, but an understanding of the influence of inter-annual climate variations on crop yields in different regions remains elusive. We use detailed crop statistics time series for ~13,500 political units to examine how recent climate variability led to variations in maize, rice, wheat and soybean crop yields worldwide. While s...

In this paper, we model the economic incentives surrounding opium crop production at farm level in Afghanistan. Specifically, we examine the impact of eradication policies when opium is used as a means of obtaining credit, and when the crops are produced in sharecropping arrangements. The theoretical analysis suggests that when perfect credit markets are available, an increased risk of having t...

Agriculture is one of several industries that face criticism today because of its impact on the environment. Pollution prevention technologies can go a long way toward addressing these concerns. They could also benefit producers as they represent a move toward efficiency. The most common environmental pollutants from crop production are sediment, nutrients, and pesticides. This article results ...

Limited-cluster production systems may be a useful strategy to increase crop production and profitability for the greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). In this study, using an ebb-and-flood hydroponics system, we modified plant architecture and spacing and determined the effects on fruit yield and harvest index at two light levels. Single-cluster plants pruned to allow two leaves ab...

In his perceptive work on the interrelationship between history and literature, Louis Montrose advocates a resituation of texts within their contexts, which leads to "a reciprocal concern with the historicity of texts and the textuality of history" (20). For Montrose, aesthetic works can historicize the past and provide an understanding and explanation of times past, but they cannot provide an ...

The loss caused by the so-called minor diseases is not usually considered of sufficient importance to warrant the adoption of control measures such as those used in combating major diseases; nevertheless it has frequently been asserted that if the total loss due to the activities of all minor diseases could be estimated it would probably amount to more than is imagined. Further, a disease which...

Several studies have shown that global crop production needs to double by 2050 to meet the projected demands from rising population, diet shifts, and increasing biofuels consumption. Boosting crop yields to meet these rising demands, rather than clearing more land for agriculture has been highlighted as a preferred solution to meet this goal. However, we first need to understand how crop yields...

As a result of human activities, currently a large number of pollutants and waste are eliminated to the environment. Worldwide, more than one billion pounds of toxins are released into the air and water. Approximately 6x106 chemical compounds have been produced; annually 1,000 new products are synthetized and between 60,000 and 95,000 chemicals are commercially used [1]. Among these substances ...

efficiency in agricultural production is indicative of the efficiency level of farm households in their farming activities. farmers in developing countries do not make use of all the potential technological resources, thus making inefficient decisions in their agricultural activities. herein, technical efficiency in relation with the production of three types of rice crop (boro, aus and aman) w...