The effect of electromagnetic field was examined on Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) seeds to enhance seed germination and early growth. The seeds were exposed to four magnetic strengths of 15, 100, 400 and 800 mT in four durations of 30, 60, 120 and 240 min. The experiments were carried out in two forms of laboratory germination and soil emergence. Results showed that magnetic field application enhance...

ABSTRACT: The safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.) has an uneven flowering and fruiting, which can cause problems in seed production harvesting regions with hot humid climates. However, little is known about the optimal harvest time. Therefore, this study evaluated optimumtiming for of three genotypes (2106, S-325, 7329).The experiment was a randomized complete block design six replications. star...

Arabidopsis thaliana seeds imbibed for a short duration show phytochrome B (PhyB)-specific photo-induction of germination. Using this system, the relationship was determined between the amount of PhyB in seeds and photon energy required for PhyB-specific germination in two transgenic Arabidopsis lines transformed with either the Arabidopsis PhyB cDNA (ABO) or the rice PhyB cDNA (RBO). Immunoche...

Spores of Bacillus species are said to be committed when they continue through nutrient germination even when germinants are removed or their binding to spores' nutrient germinant receptors (GRs) is both reversed and inhibited. Measurement of commitment and the subsequent release of dipicolinic acid (DPA) during nutrient germination of spores of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis showed that...

The work and legacy of Erik Erikson are described in this brief outline of his career, his theories, and his impact on psychoanalysis, psychology, history, and the broader culture. His conception of the adolescent task-weaving internal tastes, talents, and values together with elements of one's life history and the demands of one's culture into a coherent identity-has had profound effects on de...

background and objectives: germination and seedling establishment are two critical and important stages during plants growing season. from seed technology viewpoint, germination refers to emergence and development from seed embryo, so that could produce normal seedling. many studies  have been done to determine germination cardinal temperatures and required thermal time for emergence occurrence...